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April 26 2024 Current Affairs MCQs
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- The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here.
- Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
[Quiz] Daily Current Affairs MCQs – April 26 2024
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These MCQs are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs. The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here. Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
Q1. {IR – Issues} Consider the following statements about the 1951 Refugee Convention:
- The core principle of the 1951 Refugee Convention is that a refugee should not be returned to a country where they face serious threats to their life or freedom.
- The UN Human Rights Council serves as the guardian of the 1951 Convention.
- India is a signatory to the 1951 convention as well as its 1967 protocol.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- The Rwanda Bill was passed by the UK to counter a challenge raised by the British Supreme Court against a controversial deportation policy.
- The 1951 Refugee Convention is the key legal document governing international standards for refugee work. It defines the term “refugee” and outlines the rights of the displaced, as well as the legal obligations of nations and states to protect them.
- The core principle is non-refoulement, which asserts that a refugee should not be returned to a country where they face serious threats to their life or freedom.
- This principle is now considered a rule of customary international law.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The convention is administered by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), established in 1950 to handle the millions of people displaced in the aftermath of World War II.
- The UNHCR serves as the ‘guardian’ of the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol, working with states to ensure that the rights of refugees are respected and protected.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- India is not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, and has consistently chosen not to enact a national asylum framework.
- As such, it primarily relies on ad hoc executive orders/policies to manage and accord rights to different refugee groups.
- India, in fact, operates two different refugee protection frameworks – one for refugees from neighbouring countries (except Myanmar), who are accorded protection by the government, and another for refugees from Myanmar and non-neighbouring countries, who are managed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
- This has resulted in different groups of refugees having different documents and being accorded differential treatment.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- The Rwanda Bill was passed by the UK to counter a challenge raised by the British Supreme Court against a controversial deportation policy.
- The 1951 Refugee Convention is the key legal document governing international standards for refugee work. It defines the term “refugee” and outlines the rights of the displaced, as well as the legal obligations of nations and states to protect them.
- The core principle is non-refoulement, which asserts that a refugee should not be returned to a country where they face serious threats to their life or freedom.
- This principle is now considered a rule of customary international law.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The convention is administered by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), established in 1950 to handle the millions of people displaced in the aftermath of World War II.
- The UNHCR serves as the ‘guardian’ of the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol, working with states to ensure that the rights of refugees are respected and protected.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- India is not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, and has consistently chosen not to enact a national asylum framework.
- As such, it primarily relies on ad hoc executive orders/policies to manage and accord rights to different refugee groups.
- India, in fact, operates two different refugee protection frameworks – one for refugees from neighbouring countries (except Myanmar), who are accorded protection by the government, and another for refugees from Myanmar and non-neighbouring countries, who are managed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
- This has resulted in different groups of refugees having different documents and being accorded differential treatment.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- The Rwanda Bill was passed by the UK to counter a challenge raised by the British Supreme Court against a controversial deportation policy.
- The 1951 Refugee Convention is the key legal document governing international standards for refugee work. It defines the term “refugee” and outlines the rights of the displaced, as well as the legal obligations of nations and states to protect them.
- The core principle is non-refoulement, which asserts that a refugee should not be returned to a country where they face serious threats to their life or freedom.
- This principle is now considered a rule of customary international law.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The convention is administered by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), established in 1950 to handle the millions of people displaced in the aftermath of World War II.
- The UNHCR serves as the ‘guardian’ of the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol, working with states to ensure that the rights of refugees are respected and protected.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- India is not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocol, and has consistently chosen not to enact a national asylum framework.
- As such, it primarily relies on ad hoc executive orders/policies to manage and accord rights to different refugee groups.
- India, in fact, operates two different refugee protection frameworks – one for refugees from neighbouring countries (except Myanmar), who are accorded protection by the government, and another for refugees from Myanmar and non-neighbouring countries, who are managed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
- This has resulted in different groups of refugees having different documents and being accorded differential treatment.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 2 of 10
2. Question
Q2. {Envi – Conservation} Consider the following statements about Green Financing:
- Green financing refers to financial products and services specifically designed to support environmentally sustainable projects and initiatives.
- For investors and lenders in green finance, profit maximization is the primary objective.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd (REC) secured a Green Loan of Japanese Yen (JPY) 60.536 billion for sustainable projects in India.
- Green financing is indeed focused on providing financial support for projects that have positive environmental impacts.
- It includes various financial instruments such as green bonds, green loans, green microfinance, green equity and green insurance.
- These funds are earmarked for initiatives like renewable energy projects, energy-efficient buildings, afforestation, and clean transportation.
- The goal is to promote sustainable development while addressing environmental challenges.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Unlike conventional financing, where profit maximization is often the sole objective, green financing prioritizes both financial returns and environmental benefits.
- Investors and lenders in green finance recognize the importance of balancing economic growth with ecological well-being.
- Profitability is not the sole criterion; the positive impact on the planet matters equally.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd (REC) secured a Green Loan of Japanese Yen (JPY) 60.536 billion for sustainable projects in India.
- Green financing is indeed focused on providing financial support for projects that have positive environmental impacts.
- It includes various financial instruments such as green bonds, green loans, green microfinance, green equity and green insurance.
- These funds are earmarked for initiatives like renewable energy projects, energy-efficient buildings, afforestation, and clean transportation.
- The goal is to promote sustainable development while addressing environmental challenges.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Unlike conventional financing, where profit maximization is often the sole objective, green financing prioritizes both financial returns and environmental benefits.
- Investors and lenders in green finance recognize the importance of balancing economic growth with ecological well-being.
- Profitability is not the sole criterion; the positive impact on the planet matters equally.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd (REC) secured a Green Loan of Japanese Yen (JPY) 60.536 billion for sustainable projects in India.
- Green financing is indeed focused on providing financial support for projects that have positive environmental impacts.
- It includes various financial instruments such as green bonds, green loans, green microfinance, green equity and green insurance.
- These funds are earmarked for initiatives like renewable energy projects, energy-efficient buildings, afforestation, and clean transportation.
- The goal is to promote sustainable development while addressing environmental challenges.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Unlike conventional financing, where profit maximization is often the sole objective, green financing prioritizes both financial returns and environmental benefits.
- Investors and lenders in green finance recognize the importance of balancing economic growth with ecological well-being.
- Profitability is not the sole criterion; the positive impact on the planet matters equally.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
Q3. {Envi – Conservation} Consider the following statements:
- Pink Hydrogen is a hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water, using renewable electricity.
- Currently, Only the central government holds the power to produce, develop, use and dispose of atomic energy.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Pink Hydrogen is generated through electrolysis, similar to Green hydrogen, but powered by nuclear energy.
- Claims indicate that pink hydrogen facilities can achieve a high capacity factor due to nuclear power’s steady baseload profile (stability & density) relative to the intermittent supply from renewable sources.
- It may produce far more hydrogen than a green facility, even though it’s expensive.
- High temperatures from nuclear reactors may also be used in other industrial processes.
- Specifically, heat generated through fission (splitting uranium atoms) can make steam for spinning turbines, which in turn produces electricity.
Statement 2 is correct
- Atomic Energy Act, 1962 restricts private ownership of nuclear plants.
- Only the central government holds the power to produce, develop, use and dispose of atomic energy.
Answer: (b) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Pink Hydrogen is generated through electrolysis, similar to Green hydrogen, but powered by nuclear energy.
- Claims indicate that pink hydrogen facilities can achieve a high capacity factor due to nuclear power’s steady baseload profile (stability & density) relative to the intermittent supply from renewable sources.
- It may produce far more hydrogen than a green facility, even though it’s expensive.
- High temperatures from nuclear reactors may also be used in other industrial processes.
- Specifically, heat generated through fission (splitting uranium atoms) can make steam for spinning turbines, which in turn produces electricity.
Statement 2 is correct
- Atomic Energy Act, 1962 restricts private ownership of nuclear plants.
- Only the central government holds the power to produce, develop, use and dispose of atomic energy.
Answer: (b) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Pink Hydrogen is generated through electrolysis, similar to Green hydrogen, but powered by nuclear energy.
- Claims indicate that pink hydrogen facilities can achieve a high capacity factor due to nuclear power’s steady baseload profile (stability & density) relative to the intermittent supply from renewable sources.
- It may produce far more hydrogen than a green facility, even though it’s expensive.
- High temperatures from nuclear reactors may also be used in other industrial processes.
- Specifically, heat generated through fission (splitting uranium atoms) can make steam for spinning turbines, which in turn produces electricity.
Statement 2 is correct
- Atomic Energy Act, 1962 restricts private ownership of nuclear plants.
- Only the central government holds the power to produce, develop, use and dispose of atomic energy.
Answer: (b) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
Q4. {IR – Organisations} Consider the following statements with respect to Group of Seven (G-7):
- Countries must have advanced economies and high net national wealth in order to become the members of G-7.
- The G-7 has addressed the issue of climate change by banning the use of fossil fuels in member countries.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- The G7 comprises the world’s leading advanced economies and requires member countries to have a high net national wealth, which reflects their economic strength and development.
- The current G7 member countries – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States were chosen based on their economic prominence and political influence during the 1970s when the group was formed.
- Though there is no formal process for adding new members, the existing members may consider inviting other countries with significant economic and political clout to join the group in the future.
- G7’s decisions on economic policies, trade, and other financial matters can impact global markets and economies.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The G7 does not set a specific deadline for ending fossil fuel use but commits to accelerating the phase-out of “unabated fossil fuels” in line with 1.5 degree Celsius trajectories.
- They aim to eliminate “inefficient fossil fuel subsidies” by 2025 or earlier without specifying the definition of “inefficient subsidies.”
- Instead, the G7 has focused on commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to invest in sustainable development, among other initiatives to address climate change.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- The G7 comprises the world’s leading advanced economies and requires member countries to have a high net national wealth, which reflects their economic strength and development.
- The current G7 member countries – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States were chosen based on their economic prominence and political influence during the 1970s when the group was formed.
- Though there is no formal process for adding new members, the existing members may consider inviting other countries with significant economic and political clout to join the group in the future.
- G7’s decisions on economic policies, trade, and other financial matters can impact global markets and economies.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The G7 does not set a specific deadline for ending fossil fuel use but commits to accelerating the phase-out of “unabated fossil fuels” in line with 1.5 degree Celsius trajectories.
- They aim to eliminate “inefficient fossil fuel subsidies” by 2025 or earlier without specifying the definition of “inefficient subsidies.”
- Instead, the G7 has focused on commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to invest in sustainable development, among other initiatives to address climate change.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- The G7 comprises the world’s leading advanced economies and requires member countries to have a high net national wealth, which reflects their economic strength and development.
- The current G7 member countries – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States were chosen based on their economic prominence and political influence during the 1970s when the group was formed.
- Though there is no formal process for adding new members, the existing members may consider inviting other countries with significant economic and political clout to join the group in the future.
- G7’s decisions on economic policies, trade, and other financial matters can impact global markets and economies.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The G7 does not set a specific deadline for ending fossil fuel use but commits to accelerating the phase-out of “unabated fossil fuels” in line with 1.5 degree Celsius trajectories.
- They aim to eliminate “inefficient fossil fuel subsidies” by 2025 or earlier without specifying the definition of “inefficient subsidies.”
- Instead, the G7 has focused on commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to invest in sustainable development, among other initiatives to address climate change.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 5 of 10
5. Question
Q5. {S&T – Sci} Consider the following statements with respect to Metal Mercury:
- Mercury is the only naturally occurring liquid metal at room temperature.
- Mercury is a poor conductor of heat as well as electricity.
- It somewhat behaves like a noble gas and readily forms amalgams with all metals.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Mercury is the only naturally occurring liquid metal at room temperature.
- The melting point of mercury is relatively low compared to other metals, at -38.83 degrees Celsius.
- As a result, under normal conditions found at room temperature (typically around 20-25 degrees Celsius) and atmospheric pressure, mercury exists in a liquid state.
- This property makes mercury unique among the elements and metals, as most metals are solid at room temperature.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Mercury is a relatively poor conductor of heat.
- Most metals are excellent thermal conductors.
- It is a mild electrical conductor. It is used in some electrical switches and certain types of lighting due to this property.
- Mercury is used in fluorescent lamps, thermometers, float valves, dental amalgams, in medicine, for the production of other chemicals, and to make liquid mirrors.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Although mercury usually exhibits a +1 or +2 oxidation state, sometimes it has a +4 oxidation state. The electron configuration causes mercury to behave somewhat like a noble gas.
- Like noble gases, mercury forms relatively weak chemical bonds with other elements.
- An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury.
- These alloys are formed through metallic bonding, with the electrostatic attractive force of the conduction electrons working to bind all the positively charged metal ions together into a crystal lattice structure.
- Almost all metals can form amalgams with mercury, the notable exceptions being iron, platinum, tungsten, and tantalum.
- Silver-mercury amalgams are important in dentistry, and gold-mercury amalgam is used in the extraction of gold from ore.
- Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Mercury is the only naturally occurring liquid metal at room temperature.
- The melting point of mercury is relatively low compared to other metals, at -38.83 degrees Celsius.
- As a result, under normal conditions found at room temperature (typically around 20-25 degrees Celsius) and atmospheric pressure, mercury exists in a liquid state.
- This property makes mercury unique among the elements and metals, as most metals are solid at room temperature.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Mercury is a relatively poor conductor of heat.
- Most metals are excellent thermal conductors.
- It is a mild electrical conductor. It is used in some electrical switches and certain types of lighting due to this property.
- Mercury is used in fluorescent lamps, thermometers, float valves, dental amalgams, in medicine, for the production of other chemicals, and to make liquid mirrors.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Although mercury usually exhibits a +1 or +2 oxidation state, sometimes it has a +4 oxidation state. The electron configuration causes mercury to behave somewhat like a noble gas.
- Like noble gases, mercury forms relatively weak chemical bonds with other elements.
- An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury.
- These alloys are formed through metallic bonding, with the electrostatic attractive force of the conduction electrons working to bind all the positively charged metal ions together into a crystal lattice structure.
- Almost all metals can form amalgams with mercury, the notable exceptions being iron, platinum, tungsten, and tantalum.
- Silver-mercury amalgams are important in dentistry, and gold-mercury amalgam is used in the extraction of gold from ore.
- Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Mercury is the only naturally occurring liquid metal at room temperature.
- The melting point of mercury is relatively low compared to other metals, at -38.83 degrees Celsius.
- As a result, under normal conditions found at room temperature (typically around 20-25 degrees Celsius) and atmospheric pressure, mercury exists in a liquid state.
- This property makes mercury unique among the elements and metals, as most metals are solid at room temperature.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- Mercury is a relatively poor conductor of heat.
- Most metals are excellent thermal conductors.
- It is a mild electrical conductor. It is used in some electrical switches and certain types of lighting due to this property.
- Mercury is used in fluorescent lamps, thermometers, float valves, dental amalgams, in medicine, for the production of other chemicals, and to make liquid mirrors.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Although mercury usually exhibits a +1 or +2 oxidation state, sometimes it has a +4 oxidation state. The electron configuration causes mercury to behave somewhat like a noble gas.
- Like noble gases, mercury forms relatively weak chemical bonds with other elements.
- An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury.
- These alloys are formed through metallic bonding, with the electrostatic attractive force of the conduction electrons working to bind all the positively charged metal ions together into a crystal lattice structure.
- Almost all metals can form amalgams with mercury, the notable exceptions being iron, platinum, tungsten, and tantalum.
- Silver-mercury amalgams are important in dentistry, and gold-mercury amalgam is used in the extraction of gold from ore.
- Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
Q6. {Prelims – In News} Which one of the following is not a primary function of the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI)?
Correct
Explanation
- The Supreme Court asked the Ministry of AYUSH why it did not act on the allegedly bad advertisements from Patanjali that the Advertising Standards Council of India had flagged.
- The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) is a voluntary self-regulatory organization within the advertising industry in India.
- Established in 1985, ASCI operates as a non-profit company under section 25 of the Company Act.
- Its primary objective is to ensure that advertisements in India adhere to principles of fairness, honesty, and compliance with the ASCI Code.
- Here are some key points about ASCI:
- Self-Regulation: ASCI is an independent body committed to self-regulation in advertising. It aims to protect the interests of Indian consumers by ensuring that advertisements are legal, decent, honest, and truthful.
- ASCI Code: The ASCI Code provides guidelines for advertising practices. It covers various aspects, including content, claims, and social responsibility. Advertisers, media, and advertising agencies are expected to follow this code.
- Complaint Handling: ASCI handles complaints related to misleading or objectionable advertisements. To date, it has addressed 66,471 complaints.
- Advisory Services: ASCI offers advisory services to advertisers, helping them create successful campaigns while adhering to ethical standards.
Answer: (d) ASCI generate revenue for the Indian government through advertising taxes; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- The Supreme Court asked the Ministry of AYUSH why it did not act on the allegedly bad advertisements from Patanjali that the Advertising Standards Council of India had flagged.
- The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) is a voluntary self-regulatory organization within the advertising industry in India.
- Established in 1985, ASCI operates as a non-profit company under section 25 of the Company Act.
- Its primary objective is to ensure that advertisements in India adhere to principles of fairness, honesty, and compliance with the ASCI Code.
- Here are some key points about ASCI:
- Self-Regulation: ASCI is an independent body committed to self-regulation in advertising. It aims to protect the interests of Indian consumers by ensuring that advertisements are legal, decent, honest, and truthful.
- ASCI Code: The ASCI Code provides guidelines for advertising practices. It covers various aspects, including content, claims, and social responsibility. Advertisers, media, and advertising agencies are expected to follow this code.
- Complaint Handling: ASCI handles complaints related to misleading or objectionable advertisements. To date, it has addressed 66,471 complaints.
- Advisory Services: ASCI offers advisory services to advertisers, helping them create successful campaigns while adhering to ethical standards.
Answer: (d) ASCI generate revenue for the Indian government through advertising taxes; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- The Supreme Court asked the Ministry of AYUSH why it did not act on the allegedly bad advertisements from Patanjali that the Advertising Standards Council of India had flagged.
- The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) is a voluntary self-regulatory organization within the advertising industry in India.
- Established in 1985, ASCI operates as a non-profit company under section 25 of the Company Act.
- Its primary objective is to ensure that advertisements in India adhere to principles of fairness, honesty, and compliance with the ASCI Code.
- Here are some key points about ASCI:
- Self-Regulation: ASCI is an independent body committed to self-regulation in advertising. It aims to protect the interests of Indian consumers by ensuring that advertisements are legal, decent, honest, and truthful.
- ASCI Code: The ASCI Code provides guidelines for advertising practices. It covers various aspects, including content, claims, and social responsibility. Advertisers, media, and advertising agencies are expected to follow this code.
- Complaint Handling: ASCI handles complaints related to misleading or objectionable advertisements. To date, it has addressed 66,471 complaints.
- Advisory Services: ASCI offers advisory services to advertisers, helping them create successful campaigns while adhering to ethical standards.
Answer: (d) ASCI generate revenue for the Indian government through advertising taxes; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
Q7. {IC – Elections} Consider the following statements:
- If a significant number of voters select None of the Above (NOTA) option, it invalidates the election.
- By-Elections for Vacant Seats (due to resignation, death, or disqualification) can occur at any time, even outside the regular election cycle.
- In a scenario where there is only one candidate contesting from a constituency, he/she is declared elected without a poll.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The Election Commission of India has clarified that even if NOTA receives more votes than any of the candidates, it does not invalidate the election.
- The candidate with the highest number of votes among the contesting candidates is still declared the winner.
Statement 2 is correct
- By-Elections for Vacant Seats:
- When a legislative seat becomes vacant (due to resignation, death, or disqualification), a by-election is held to fill the vacancy.
- By-elections can occur at any time, even outside the regular election cycle.
Statement 3 is correct
- To file their nomination, a candidate must submit Form 2A to the returning officer of the constituency along with a security deposit of Rs. 10,000, which is refunded if the candidate secures at least one-sixth of the total valid votes polled in the constituency.
- The candidate must also submit Form 26, which is a self-declaration of the criminal cases pending against them, if any.
- After the last date of filing nominations, the returning officer scrutinizes the forms to ensure that they are complete and valid.
- The officer can reject a nomination if the candidate fails to fulfil the eligibility criteria, has incomplete forms, or does not deposit the security amount.
- After the scrutiny, candidates who wish to withdraw their nominations can do so before 3 PM on the day of withdrawal.
- If only one candidate remains in the fray, they are declared elected uncontested.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The Election Commission of India has clarified that even if NOTA receives more votes than any of the candidates, it does not invalidate the election.
- The candidate with the highest number of votes among the contesting candidates is still declared the winner.
Statement 2 is correct
- By-Elections for Vacant Seats:
- When a legislative seat becomes vacant (due to resignation, death, or disqualification), a by-election is held to fill the vacancy.
- By-elections can occur at any time, even outside the regular election cycle.
Statement 3 is correct
- To file their nomination, a candidate must submit Form 2A to the returning officer of the constituency along with a security deposit of Rs. 10,000, which is refunded if the candidate secures at least one-sixth of the total valid votes polled in the constituency.
- The candidate must also submit Form 26, which is a self-declaration of the criminal cases pending against them, if any.
- After the last date of filing nominations, the returning officer scrutinizes the forms to ensure that they are complete and valid.
- The officer can reject a nomination if the candidate fails to fulfil the eligibility criteria, has incomplete forms, or does not deposit the security amount.
- After the scrutiny, candidates who wish to withdraw their nominations can do so before 3 PM on the day of withdrawal.
- If only one candidate remains in the fray, they are declared elected uncontested.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- The Election Commission of India has clarified that even if NOTA receives more votes than any of the candidates, it does not invalidate the election.
- The candidate with the highest number of votes among the contesting candidates is still declared the winner.
Statement 2 is correct
- By-Elections for Vacant Seats:
- When a legislative seat becomes vacant (due to resignation, death, or disqualification), a by-election is held to fill the vacancy.
- By-elections can occur at any time, even outside the regular election cycle.
Statement 3 is correct
- To file their nomination, a candidate must submit Form 2A to the returning officer of the constituency along with a security deposit of Rs. 10,000, which is refunded if the candidate secures at least one-sixth of the total valid votes polled in the constituency.
- The candidate must also submit Form 26, which is a self-declaration of the criminal cases pending against them, if any.
- After the last date of filing nominations, the returning officer scrutinizes the forms to ensure that they are complete and valid.
- The officer can reject a nomination if the candidate fails to fulfil the eligibility criteria, has incomplete forms, or does not deposit the security amount.
- After the scrutiny, candidates who wish to withdraw their nominations can do so before 3 PM on the day of withdrawal.
- If only one candidate remains in the fray, they are declared elected uncontested.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 8 of 10
8. Question
Q8. {Prelims – IE – Digital Payments} Consider the following statements:
- A Payment Gateway can directly transfer funds from the customer’s bank account to the merchant’s bank account.
- A Payment Gateway encrypts sensitive information, such as credit card numbers, to ensure that information passes securely between the customer and the merchant.
- A Payment Aggregator in India is incorporated under the Companies Act 2013 and requires a license from the National Payments Corporation of India.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- A Payment Gateway does not directly transfer funds between bank accounts.
- Instead, the Payment Gateway acts as a secure bridge between the customer, the merchant, and the banks.
- When a customer initiates a payment (e.g., during an online purchase), the Payment Gateway performs several essential tasks:
- It securely collects payment information (such as credit card details) from the customer.
- The Payment Gateway communicates with the customer’s bank (issuing bank) to verify the availability of funds.
- If the funds are available, the Payment Gateway authorizes the transaction.
- The actual transfer of funds occurs between the customer’s bank and the merchant’s bank, facilitated by the banking system.
Statement 2 is correct
- Security is a critical aspect of Payment Gateways. When a customer enters their payment details (credit card number, CVV, etc.), the Payment Gateway encrypts this information.
- Encryption ensures that the data remains confidential during transmission. It prevents unauthorized access or interception by malicious actors.
- The encrypted data travels securely between the customer’s device, the Payment Gateway, and the merchant’s server.
- Common encryption protocols include SSL (Secure Socket Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security).
Statement 3 is incorrect
- A Payment Aggregator (PA) in India is incorporated under the Companies Act 2013.
- A PA is a third-party service provider that allows merchants to accept payments from customers by integrating it into their websites or apps.
- PAs enable their clients to accept various payment methods such as debit cards, credit cards, cardless EMIs, UPI, bank transfers, e-wallets, and e-mandates.
- Since a PA handles funds, it requires a license from the RBI.
- Examples: Amazon (Pay) India, Google India, Razorpay, Pine Labs, etc.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- A Payment Gateway does not directly transfer funds between bank accounts.
- Instead, the Payment Gateway acts as a secure bridge between the customer, the merchant, and the banks.
- When a customer initiates a payment (e.g., during an online purchase), the Payment Gateway performs several essential tasks:
- It securely collects payment information (such as credit card details) from the customer.
- The Payment Gateway communicates with the customer’s bank (issuing bank) to verify the availability of funds.
- If the funds are available, the Payment Gateway authorizes the transaction.
- The actual transfer of funds occurs between the customer’s bank and the merchant’s bank, facilitated by the banking system.
Statement 2 is correct
- Security is a critical aspect of Payment Gateways. When a customer enters their payment details (credit card number, CVV, etc.), the Payment Gateway encrypts this information.
- Encryption ensures that the data remains confidential during transmission. It prevents unauthorized access or interception by malicious actors.
- The encrypted data travels securely between the customer’s device, the Payment Gateway, and the merchant’s server.
- Common encryption protocols include SSL (Secure Socket Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security).
Statement 3 is incorrect
- A Payment Aggregator (PA) in India is incorporated under the Companies Act 2013.
- A PA is a third-party service provider that allows merchants to accept payments from customers by integrating it into their websites or apps.
- PAs enable their clients to accept various payment methods such as debit cards, credit cards, cardless EMIs, UPI, bank transfers, e-wallets, and e-mandates.
- Since a PA handles funds, it requires a license from the RBI.
- Examples: Amazon (Pay) India, Google India, Razorpay, Pine Labs, etc.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- A Payment Gateway does not directly transfer funds between bank accounts.
- Instead, the Payment Gateway acts as a secure bridge between the customer, the merchant, and the banks.
- When a customer initiates a payment (e.g., during an online purchase), the Payment Gateway performs several essential tasks:
- It securely collects payment information (such as credit card details) from the customer.
- The Payment Gateway communicates with the customer’s bank (issuing bank) to verify the availability of funds.
- If the funds are available, the Payment Gateway authorizes the transaction.
- The actual transfer of funds occurs between the customer’s bank and the merchant’s bank, facilitated by the banking system.
Statement 2 is correct
- Security is a critical aspect of Payment Gateways. When a customer enters their payment details (credit card number, CVV, etc.), the Payment Gateway encrypts this information.
- Encryption ensures that the data remains confidential during transmission. It prevents unauthorized access or interception by malicious actors.
- The encrypted data travels securely between the customer’s device, the Payment Gateway, and the merchant’s server.
- Common encryption protocols include SSL (Secure Socket Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security).
Statement 3 is incorrect
- A Payment Aggregator (PA) in India is incorporated under the Companies Act 2013.
- A PA is a third-party service provider that allows merchants to accept payments from customers by integrating it into their websites or apps.
- PAs enable their clients to accept various payment methods such as debit cards, credit cards, cardless EMIs, UPI, bank transfers, e-wallets, and e-mandates.
- Since a PA handles funds, it requires a license from the RBI.
- Examples: Amazon (Pay) India, Google India, Razorpay, Pine Labs, etc.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
Q9. {Disaster Management – Organisation} Consider the following statements with respect to Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS):
- INCOIS primarily focuses on providing operational oceanographic services and information to support society, industry, government agencies, and the scientific community.
- INCOIS is solely responsible for managing India’s space exploration missions related to oceanography and marine research.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- INCOIS was established in 1999
- INCOIS primarily focuses on providing operational oceanographic services and information to support society, industry, government agencies, and the scientific community.
- These services include ocean state forecasts, potential fishing zone advisories, tsunami early warnings, ocean thermal structure information, and other marine-related information.
- INCOIS plays a crucial role in disseminating timely and accurate oceanographic information to various stakeholders, including fishermen, coastal communities, maritime industries, and scientific researchers.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- INCOIS primarily deals with oceanographic research and operational services, but it is not involved in managing space exploration missions.
- Space exploration missions, including those related to oceanography and marine research, fall under the purview of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), a separate organization under the Department of Space, Government of India.
- ISRO is responsible for planning, executing, and managing India’s space missions, including those aimed at studying the Earth’s oceans from space.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- INCOIS was established in 1999
- INCOIS primarily focuses on providing operational oceanographic services and information to support society, industry, government agencies, and the scientific community.
- These services include ocean state forecasts, potential fishing zone advisories, tsunami early warnings, ocean thermal structure information, and other marine-related information.
- INCOIS plays a crucial role in disseminating timely and accurate oceanographic information to various stakeholders, including fishermen, coastal communities, maritime industries, and scientific researchers.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- INCOIS primarily deals with oceanographic research and operational services, but it is not involved in managing space exploration missions.
- Space exploration missions, including those related to oceanography and marine research, fall under the purview of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), a separate organization under the Department of Space, Government of India.
- ISRO is responsible for planning, executing, and managing India’s space missions, including those aimed at studying the Earth’s oceans from space.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- INCOIS was established in 1999
- INCOIS primarily focuses on providing operational oceanographic services and information to support society, industry, government agencies, and the scientific community.
- These services include ocean state forecasts, potential fishing zone advisories, tsunami early warnings, ocean thermal structure information, and other marine-related information.
- INCOIS plays a crucial role in disseminating timely and accurate oceanographic information to various stakeholders, including fishermen, coastal communities, maritime industries, and scientific researchers.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- INCOIS primarily deals with oceanographic research and operational services, but it is not involved in managing space exploration missions.
- Space exploration missions, including those related to oceanography and marine research, fall under the purview of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), a separate organization under the Department of Space, Government of India.
- ISRO is responsible for planning, executing, and managing India’s space missions, including those aimed at studying the Earth’s oceans from space.
Answer: (a) 1 only; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
Q10. {Prelims – In News} Khongjom Day, recently seen in the news, is observed in which state?
Correct
Explanation
- Background:
- The Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891 was a pivotal event in Manipur’s history.
- During this war, the tiny kingdom of Manipur bravely fought against the British colonial expansion.
- Despite their courageous efforts, the Manipuri armies were eventually defeated at the Battle of Khongjom, leading to the loss of Manipur’s sovereignty to the British.
- This year, the state of Manipur observed Khongjom Day with a solemn ceremony at the Khongjom War Memorial Complex located at Kheba Ching in the Thoubal district.
- The event was attended by high-ranking officials, including the Manipur Governor Sushri Anusuiya Uikey, Chief Minister N. Biren Singh, cabinet ministers, MLAs, and top civil and police officers. A large number of people also joined the observation to pay their respects.
- During the ceremony, the Governor and Chief Minister laid floral wreaths, followed by a guard of honor, a general salute, reverse arms, the sounding of the last post, and a two-minute silence.
- Similar ceremonies were held in different parts of the state, serving as a solemn reminder of the bravery and sacrifice of those who fought for their country.
Answer: (b) Manipur; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
- Background:
- The Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891 was a pivotal event in Manipur’s history.
- During this war, the tiny kingdom of Manipur bravely fought against the British colonial expansion.
- Despite their courageous efforts, the Manipuri armies were eventually defeated at the Battle of Khongjom, leading to the loss of Manipur’s sovereignty to the British.
- This year, the state of Manipur observed Khongjom Day with a solemn ceremony at the Khongjom War Memorial Complex located at Kheba Ching in the Thoubal district.
- The event was attended by high-ranking officials, including the Manipur Governor Sushri Anusuiya Uikey, Chief Minister N. Biren Singh, cabinet ministers, MLAs, and top civil and police officers. A large number of people also joined the observation to pay their respects.
- During the ceremony, the Governor and Chief Minister laid floral wreaths, followed by a guard of honor, a general salute, reverse arms, the sounding of the last post, and a two-minute silence.
- Similar ceremonies were held in different parts of the state, serving as a solemn reminder of the bravery and sacrifice of those who fought for their country.
Answer: (b) Manipur; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
- Background:
- The Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891 was a pivotal event in Manipur’s history.
- During this war, the tiny kingdom of Manipur bravely fought against the British colonial expansion.
- Despite their courageous efforts, the Manipuri armies were eventually defeated at the Battle of Khongjom, leading to the loss of Manipur’s sovereignty to the British.
- This year, the state of Manipur observed Khongjom Day with a solemn ceremony at the Khongjom War Memorial Complex located at Kheba Ching in the Thoubal district.
- The event was attended by high-ranking officials, including the Manipur Governor Sushri Anusuiya Uikey, Chief Minister N. Biren Singh, cabinet ministers, MLAs, and top civil and police officers. A large number of people also joined the observation to pay their respects.
- During the ceremony, the Governor and Chief Minister laid floral wreaths, followed by a guard of honor, a general salute, reverse arms, the sounding of the last post, and a two-minute silence.
- Similar ceremonies were held in different parts of the state, serving as a solemn reminder of the bravery and sacrifice of those who fought for their country.
Answer: (b) Manipur; Difficulty Level: Medium
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