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Antibiotic Resistance
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- Context (DTE|DTE): Roche, a Swiss multinational healthcare company, has discovered a new class of antibiotics (Zosurabalpin) effective against gram-negative bacteria.
- Zosurabalpin exhibits strong activity against various species of Acinetobacter that cause pneumonia and sepsis, particularly Carbapenem-resistant A baumannii (CRAB).
- It is considered a significant development since no antibiotic has been introduced in the last 50 years against gram-negative bacteria.
About Gram-negative bacteria
Acinetobacter
- Acinetobacter belongs to the Gram-negative group of bacteria.
- These bacteria are ubiquitous in nature and can be found in soil, water, and various environments.
- It causes a variety of diseases, including lung infections (“pneumonia”), sepsis and blood, wound, or urinary tract infections.
Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB)
- An example of harmful Acinetobacter strain is CRAB.
- It has gained attention due to its ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics.
- CRAB is classified as a priority 1 (critical) pathogen by the WHO. Other drug-resistant forms of bacteria are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae.
- According to the 2019 report of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention on antibiotic resistance, CRAB was responsible for killing 700 people in 2017 and added about $281 million in healthcare costs.
Sepsis
- Sepsis is a life-threatening condition arising from the body’s overreactive response to an infection, leading it to injure its own tissues and organs.
- Bacterial infections cause most cases of sepsis. Sepsis can also result from other infections, including viral infections, such as COVID-19 or influenza, or fungal infections.
National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
Global Point Prevalence Survey (PPS)
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