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Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)

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{GS3 – Agri – Exports} APEDA

  • Context (PIB | PIB): India’s agricultural exports reached USD 53.1 billion, with the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) contributing a significant 51% of India’s Agri-exports.
  • Fresh fruits along with processed vegetables, Miscellaneous processed items, Basmati Rice, and Fresh Vegetables saw substantial growth.
    • Namely, Bananas, Lentils (dried and shelled), Fresh eggs and Kesar and Dasheri Mango.
    • Basmati rice’s top 5 export destinations: Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, the USA, and the UAE.

Various initiatives undertaken by APEDA

  • Organizing B2B exhibitions in different countries.
  • Exploring new potential markets through product-specific and general marketing campaigns with the active involvement of Indian Embassies
  • Export basket has been expanded to over 200 countries.
  • Significant expansion in fruit export, now serving 111 countries.
    • For example, APEDA facilitated the export of bananas from India to Russia recently.

Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)

  • APEDA is a statutory body under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
  • It was established under the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Act of 1985.
  • It is the apex body for agricultural export promotion in India.
  • Objective: To develop and promote the export of scheduled products.
  • The products specified under the APEDA ACT are called scheduled products, and exporters of such scheduled products are required to register under APEDA.
  • Scheduled products include fruits, vegetables, meat, dairy products, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, etc.
  • It provides financial assistance, information, and guidelines for the development of scheduled products.
  • In addition, APEDA has been entrusted with monitoring sugar imports.
  • APEDA serves as the Secretariat to the National Accreditation Board (NAB).
  • It plays a crucial role in accrediting Certification Bodies for the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP).
    • Organic Products for export are to be certified only if Produced, Processed and Packed as per the standards laid down in the document of NPOP.
  • Headquarters: New Delhi.

Functions of APEDA

  • Development of industries relating to the scheduled products for export.
  • Registration of persons as exporters of the scheduled products.
  • Fixing standards and specifications for the scheduled products for exports.
  • Carrying out inspection of meat and meat products in slaughterhouses, processing plants, storage premises, conveyances, or other places where such products are kept or handled.
  • Improving packaging of the Scheduled products.
  • Improving marketing of the Scheduled products outside India.

Banana

  • Banana is a tropical crop & a major horticultural produce.
  • Favourable climatic conditions:
    • Temperature range: 15ºC – 35ºC
    • Relative humidity: 75-85%.
    • Altitude: prefers tropical humid lowlands (but grown from the sea level to 2000m).
    • Rainfall: Four months of monsoon (June to September) with an average of 650-750 mm.
  • Threats:
    • Chilling injury occurs at a temperature below 12ºC.
    • High-velocity winds that exceed 80 km /hr. damages the crop.
  • Soil requirement:
    • Deep, rich, loamy soil with a pH between 6.5 – and 7.5 is most preferred for banana cultivation.
    • A soil that is neither too acidic nor too alkaline, rich in organic material with high nitrogen content, adequate phosphorus level and plenty of potash is good for bananas.
    • Saline solid, calcareous soils are not suitable for banana cultivation.
  • Varieties grown:
    • Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta, Monthan, Poovan, Nendran, Red banana, Nyali, Safed Velchi, Basrai, Ardhapuri, Rasthali, Karpurvalli, Karthali and Grand Naine etc.
    • Grand Naine, an imported variety from Israel, is gaining popularity due to its tolerance to abiotic stresses and good quality bunches.
  • Andhra Pradesh is the largest banana-producing state in India, followed by Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh.
    • These 5 states contribute around 67 percent to India’s banana production in FY 2022-23.
  • Despite being the largest global producer of bananas, India’s exports do not reflect this.
    • India’s export share in the global market is only 1% even though the country accounts for 26.45 per cent of the world’s banana production (35.36 Million Metric Tons).
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