Lymphatic Filariasis

Context (PIB): The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has launched the bi-annual Nationwide Mass Drug Administration (MDA) campaign to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis.
The campaign aims to curb disease transmission by providing free preventive medications to residents in areas affected by the disease twice a year.
India aims to end Lymphatic Filariasis by 2027, three years ahead of the global target.

Commonly known as elephantiasis, it is a neglected tropical disease.
Cause: Infection with filarial parasites (nematodes) (Wuchereria bancrofti (90% of cases), Brugia malayi (most remaining cases), Brugia timori).
- These worms affect the lymphatic system, leading to pain, disability, and social stigma.
Transmission: Mosquitoes transmit mature larvae to humans through bites.
Symptoms: Lymphedema (Swelling due to lymphatic dysfunction), elephantiasis (swelling of body parts (e.g., legs, arms, breasts, genitals)).
Preventive Measures and Treatment: Chemotherapy with safe medicine combinations.