Protection of Plant Varieties & Farmers’ Rights (PPVFR) Act, 2001

Subscribe to never miss an important update!

Plant Variety Protection

  • It refers to the protection granted for plant varieties.
  • These rights are given to the farmers & breeders to encourage the development of new varieties of plants.
  • Plant variety protection in India is governed by “The Protection of Plant Varieties & Farmers’ Rights (PPV&FR) Act, 2001”.

Protection of Plant Varieties & Farmers’ Rights (PPVFR) Act, 2001

  • PPVFR Act, 2001 has been enacted in India for giving effect to the TRIPS Agreement.
  • The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation.
  • However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers’ rights.
  • The act allows farmers to plant, grow, exchange & sell patent-protected crops, including seeds, & only bars them from selling it as “branded seed”.
  • It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder & conserver.
  • As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights.
  • As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders.
  • As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.
  • After joining WTO in 1995, the choice before India was to either enact a law or to accept the plant breeders’ rights given by the International Union for Protection of New Plant Varieties (UPOV Convention).
  • UPOV option was earlier rejected because it denied the farmers the freedom to re-use farm-saved seeds & to exchange them with their neighbours.
  • However, in 2002, India joined the UPOV convention.

Objectives of the PPVFR Act

  • Facilitate an effective system for the protection of plant varieties & the rights of farmers.
  • Encourage the development of new varieties of plants.
  • Protect the rights of the farmers in respect of their contribution in conserving plant genetic resources.
  • Facilitate the growth of the seed industry which will ensure the availability of high quality seeds.

Criticism of PPVFR Act, 2001

  • Discourages research & innovation: PPVFR Act allows farmers to use patented varieties & hence private companies are not keen to bring new technology.
  • India neither invests in public sector nor respects private & foreign players’ IPR (bad for business).

IPR: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) IPR: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

Sharing is Caring !!

Newsletter Updates

Subscribe to our newsletter and never miss an important update!

Assured Discounts on our New Products!

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

0

The downloads are available to only those members that have purchased:

Current Affairs for UPSC CSE 2024

OR

Current Affairs for UPSC 2025

Already purchased? Log in to download

Looks like you dont have any downloads yet! Subscribe!

Subscriber Discounts

Active Subscription

Renewal Discount

Discount on CA 2025

Discount on CA 2024

CA 2024

NA

NA

NA

CA 2023

NA

NA

NA

Geography

30%

NA

NA

Environment

NA

NA

Agriculture

NA

NA

Science

NA

NA

These discounts are auto-applied to the respective Product Price based on your active subscriptions.

Your Active Plans

Looks like you dont have any downloads yet! Subscribe!

Year(s) = Validity of the Downloads

The validity of the Current Affairs for UPSC 2025 is from July 2023 to December 2025 (30 months).

The validity of the Current Affairs for UPSC 2024 is from July 2023 to December 2024 (18 months).

For the rest of the products, the validity is as follows:

1 Year Validity == Validity of the Download links (both Static & the Subject Related Current Affairs) is 1 Year from the date of purchase.

2 Years Validity == Validity of the Download links (both Static & the Subject Related Current Affairs) is 2 Years from the date of purchase.

We strongly recommend a 2 Year Plan as the UPSC Cycle lasts for close to 2 Years.

For example,

If you purchase the notes with “Download Validity == 1 Year,” on 05/12/2023, then you will be able to download the Static & the Subject Related Current Affairs files till 05/12/2024.

If you purchase the notes with “Download Validity == 2 Years,” on 05/12/2023, then you will be able to download the Static & the Subject Related Current Affairs files till 06/12/2025.

If we bring out the Updated (New) Editions of the Static Files within your subscription period, you will be able to download them without paying anything extra.

Once the payment is made, you need to log in to the Downloads Page to download the files (check your email for the login details).

Newsletter

Subscribe to our newsletter and never miss an important update!