With reference to recent developments regarding Recombinant Vector Vaccines', consider the following statements: [2021]

With reference to recent developments regarding Recombinant Vector Vaccines’, consider the following statements:

Genetic engineering is applied in the development of these vaccines.
Bacteria and viruses are used as vectors.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct

Recombinant vector vaccines involve the application of genetic engineering techniques to create vaccines. This process starts with identifying and isolating a gene that codes for a specific antigen (a substance that stimulates an immune response) from a pathogen (such as a virus or bacterium). The gene is then inserted into a vector, which is a microorganism used to deliver the antigen gene into the host’s cells.

Statement 2 is correct

In recombinant vector vaccines, both bacteria and viruses can serve as vectors.
These vectors are modified to carry and express the antigen gene in the host organism without causing disease.

Infographic explaining vaccines, including basic components, how they work, types, importance, and challenges. Features labeled sections with icons and illustrations, highlighting vaccine benefits like reduced mortality, herd immunity, and challenges such as pathogen mutation and vaccine hesitancy.