The black cotton soil of India has been formed due to the weathering of
- brown forest soil
- fissure volcanic rock
- granite and schist
- shale and limestone
Explanation
Option (b) is correct
- The parent rock of black cotton soil is fissure volcanic rock, which consists of igneous rocks formed from the cooling and solidification of lava that erupted through fissures (cracks) in the Earth’s crust. These soils are black in colour and are also known as regur soils. Black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is also known as black cotton soil. This type of soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over northwest Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows. They cover the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh and extend in the south east direction along the Godavari and the Krishna valleys. The black soils are made up of extremely fine i.e. clayey material. They are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture. In addition, they are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents. They develop deep cracks during hot weather, which helps in the proper aeration of the soil.
