Powers of the Speaker

Context (IE): Once the Protem Speaker administers the oath to new members, the Lok Sabha proceeds to elect the Speaker (Article 93) as its Presiding Officer.

There are no specific qualifications required to become a Speaker, so any member can be considered.

Roles and Powers of the Speaker of Lok Sabha

The Speaker controls and supervises House proceedings, deciding the agenda and modalities for conducting government business in consultation with the Leader of the House.
Grants permission for questions and discussions. Interprets and enforces the Rules of Procedure.

Decides on the admissibility of questions raised by members.
Oversees the publication of House proceedings.
Can remove unparliamentary remarks (potentially shielding the government from criticism).

The Speaker can decide on voice votes or division votes (recording individual votes).
The Speaker has a casting vote (Article 100) in case of a tie (does not vote initially).

Holds the power to disqualify MPs who defect from their party (Tenth Schedule of the IC).
In 2020, the Supreme Court ruled that Assembly and Lok Sabha Speakers must decide disqualification pleas within three months, except in extraordinary circumstances.

In the Lok Sabha, the ‘Leader of the House’ is the Prime Minister or a minister nominated by the PM.
In the Rajya Sabha, the ‘Leader of the House’ is a minister and member of it nominated by the PM.
The office of the Leader of the House is not mentioned in the Constitution but is defined in the Rules of Procedure for the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

Article 118: Each House of Parliament may make rules for regulating, subject to the provisions of the Constitution, its procedure and the conduct of its business.

The pro tem Speaker is a temporary Speaker appointed by the President to preside over the first meeting of a newly constituted Lok Sabha after general elections.
Has all the powers of the Speaker under the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in LS.
Pro tem Speaker administers the oath to the newly elected members of the Lok Sabha.
The office of the pro tem Speaker terminates when the new Speaker is elected.