Techniques to establish the paternity of a child? — UPSC Prelims PYQ...

Which one of the following techniques can be used to establish the paternity of a child?

1. Protein analysis
2. Chromosome counting
3. Quantitative analysis of DNA
4. DNA Fingerprinting

Explanation

• DNA fingerprinting is a molecular technique used to identify individuals based on unique patterns in their DNA. Since a child inherits half of its genetic material from each parent, comparing the DNA profiles of the child and the alleged parent can accurately establish biological relationships such as paternity.
• Other techniques like protein analysis, chromosome counting, or quantitative DNA analysis do not provide the specificity and reliability required for paternity determination. Therefore, DNA fingerprinting is the most appropriate and widely used method for establishing paternity.

Answer: (d) DNA Fingerprinting