Non-Cooperation Movement: UPSc Prelims PYQ 2025 (statements on Swaraj and stages)
Consider the following statements in respect of the Non-Cooperation Movement:
- The Congress declared the attainment of ‘Swaraj’ by all legitimate and peaceful means to be its objective.
- It was to be implemented in stages with civil disobedience and non-payment of taxes for the next stage only if ‘Swaraj’ did not come within a year and the Government resorted to repression.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- I only
- II only
- Both I and II
- Neither I nor II
Explanation
Statement I is correct
- At the Nagpur Congress Session in 1920, Congress approved the non-cooperation resolution moved by C.R. Das. Congress’s creed changed from the goal of attaining self-government through constitutional means to the attainment of Swaraj by peaceful and legitimate means.
Statement II is correct
- Gandhi’s strategy for the Non-Cooperation Movement involved a phased approach. Initially, it emphasised non-violent non-cooperation, including the boycott of titles, law courts, government schools, and foreign goods. The next phase was mass civil disobedience, including non-payment of taxes. After the Chauri-Chaura Incident, Gandhi postponed the proposed civil disobedience.
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2; Difficulty Level: Medium
