Gandhi’s first all-India political venture — UPSC Prelims PYQ 1999

The first venture of Gandhi in all India politics was the:

1. Non-cooperation Movement
2. Rowlatt Satyagraha
3. Champaran Movement
4. Dandi March

Explanation

Option (b) is correct

• Champaran (1917), Kheda (1918), Ahmedabad (1918) — were localized movements addressing peasants’ and workers’ grievances. The Rowlatt Satyagraha (1919), against the repressive Rowlatt Act, was Gandhi’s first all‑India political campaign. He organized the Satyagraha Sabha and called for a nationwide hartal on April 6, 1919, marking his emergence as a national leader. The Non‑Cooperation Movement (1920) was larger in scale but came later, not as his first venture into all‑India politics.

Answer: (b) Rowlatt Satyagraha