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Countries traversed by the Andes — UPSC Prelims PYQ 2025

Consider the following countries:

Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Venezuela

Andes mountains pass through how many of the above countries?

Only two
Only three
Only four
Only five

Explanation

Option (c) is correct

It is spread across Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

Additional Information

The Andes are formed due to convergence between the Nazca Plate (oceanic plate) and the South American Plate (continental plate).
The Peru-Chile trench is formed due to the subduction of the Nazca plate.
Extent: ~7,000 km – longest continental mountain range.
Ojos del Salado active volcano on the Argentina-Chile border in the Andes is the highest active volcano on earth at 6,893 m. (Olympus Mons (27 km) on Mars is the highest volcano in the solar system.
Mount Aconcagua (6,960 m, Argentina) in the Andes is the highest peak outside the Himalayas and the highest peak in the western hemisphere. It is an extinct volcano.

Answer: (c) Only four; Difficulty Level: Medium

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