With reference to ancient Jainism, which one of the following statements is correct?

1. Jainism was spread in South India under the leadership of Sthalabahu.
2. The Jainas who remained under the leadership of Bhadrabahu were called Shvetambaras after the Council held at Pataliputra.
3. Jainism enjoyed the patronage of the Kalinga king Kharavela in the first century BC.
4. In the initial stage of Jainism, the Jains worshipped images, unlike Buddhists.

Explanation

Option (c) is the correct answer

• Kharavela was a notable patron of Jainism, as evidenced by the Hathigumpha Inscription. Option A is incorrect because Jainism spread to South India under the leadership of Bhadrabahu, not Sthulabhadra. Option B is incorrect because the followers of Bhadrabahu who migrated south became associated with the Digambara sect, while the group that remained in the north under Sthulabhadra evolved into the Shvetambara sect. Option D is incorrect because early Jainism, like early Buddhism, was initially non-idolatrous, and image worship developed later.

Answer: (c) Ahmednagar was annexed into Mughal empire and Husain Shah was consigned to life imprisonment.