Who of the following rulers of medieval India gave permission to the Portuguese to build a fort at Bhatkal?
- Krishnadevaraya
- Narasimha Saluva
- Muhammad Shah III
- Yusuf Adil Shah
Explanation
Option (a) is correct
- Krishna Deva Raya (1509 – 29), maintained friendly relations with the Portuguese. Portuguese governor Albuquerque sent his ambassadors to Krishna Deva Raya. In 1510, Krishna Deva Raya permitted the Portuguese to build and fortify the factory at Bhatkal on the Arabian Sea coast in Karnataka.
- Bhatkal: Bhatkal was the main port of the Vijayanagar Empire, where traders from around the world sold their goods, particularly horses and weapons for sugar, pepper, spices, and high-quality white rice. It is situated on the Arabian Sea coast in Karnataka
- Krishna Deva Raya also established a monopoly on Portuguese horses. The Portuguese even offered to buy the neutrality of the Raya by promising him assistance in recovering Goa from Bijapur and giving him a monopoly in the supply of horses.
Additional Information
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Option (b) is incorrect
- The Saluva dynasty was founded by Saluva Narasimha, who reigned for only a brief period. (1485 – 1505 CE).
Option (c) is incorrect
- Muhammad Shah III was the sultan of the Bahmani Sultanate from 1463 to 1482. During his time, Mahmud Gawan, a Persian noble, became a prime minister and nominated the affairs of the state for the next 20 years.
- During the prime ministership of Mahmud Gawan, the Bahmani kingdom gradually expanded and reached its height of power and territorial limits.
Option (d) is incorrect
- By 1526, the Bahmani kingdom disintegrated into five independent sultanates:
- Imad Shahi of Berar (1490 – 1574 CE): Founded by Imad-ul-Mulk. It was annexed by Ahmadnagar in 1574.
- Nizam Shahi of Ahmadnagar (1490 – 1633 CE): Founded by Malik Ahmad. It was annexed by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in 1633.
- Adil Shahi of Bijapur (1490 – 1686 CE): Founded by Yusuf Adil Shah. It was annexed by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1686.
- Qutb Shahi of Golconda (1518 – 1687): Founded by Quli Qutb Shah (Quli Qutb Shah). It was annexed by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1687.
- Barid Shahi of Bidar (1526 – 1619): Founded by Ali Barid. It was annexed by Bijapur in 1619
