Which one of the following statements about the Eka Movement and Bardoli Satyagraha is correct?
- The Eka Movement was throughout supported and organized by the Congress while Bardoli Satyagraha was initially independent of Congress influence and was only in the last stages supported by the Congress.
- The Eka Movement was provided leadership by the taluqdars of Awadh, whereas the Bardoli Satyagraha was a movement of the landless labourers.
- The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents.
- The Eka Movement was located in the Varanasi and Mirzapur districts of the present-day U.P., while the Bardoli Satyagraha took place in Saurashtra.
Explanation
Statement (c) is correct
- The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against a 30% increase in land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive rent extraction by zamindars and taluqdars.
Statement (a) is incorrect
- When the leadership of the Eka Movement fell into the hands of Madari Pasi, a radical peasant leader, it became violent, leading to the withdrawal of the Congress leaders. So, the movement was not thoroughly supported and organised by the Congress.
Statement (b) is incorrect
- The Eka Movement was not led by taluqdars; it was led by peasants, primarily tenants against Taluqdars. Bardoli Satyagraha was also not a movement of landless labourers.
Statement (d) is incorrect
- The Eka Movement was centred mainly in districts such as Hardoi, Bahraich, and Sitapur and not Varanasi and Mirzapur. Bardoli is in South Gujarat and not specifically in Saurashtra.
