Which one of the following Acts of British India strengthened the Viceroy’s authority over his executive council by substituting the “portfolio” or departmental system for corporate functioning?

1. Indian Council Act, 1861
2. Government of India Act, 1858
3. Indian Councils Act, 1892
4. Indian Councils Act, 1909

Explanation

Option (a) is correct

• Under the Indian Council Act, 1861, the Viceroy was empowered to assign business portfolios to members of his council, introduced by Lord Canning.

Answer: (a) Indian Council Act, 1861