The term ‘Intended Nationally Determined Contributions’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

1. Pledges made by the European countries to rehabilitate refugees from the war-affected Middle East
2. Plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change
3. Capital contributed by the member countries in the establishment of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
4. Plan of action outlined by the countries of the world regarding Sustainable Development Goals

Explanation

Option (b) is correct

• Intended Nationally Determined Contributions refer to the commitments made by individual countries under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, particularly in the lead-up to the Paris Agreement. These were non-binding national plans outlining climate actions, including targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, along with policies and measures to address climate change and contribute to global climate goals. After the Paris Agreement came into force, INDCs were formally termed as Nationally Determined Contributions.

Answer: (b) Plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change; Difficulty Level: Easy