The Government of India encourages the cultivation of ‘sea buckthorn ‘. What is the importance of this plant?
- It helps in controlling soil erosion and in preventing desertification.
- It is a rich source of biodiesel.
- It has nutritional value and is well-adapted to live in cold areas of high altitudes.
- Its timber is of great commercial value.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2, 3 and 4 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 1, 2, 3 and 4
Explanation
Importance 1 and 3 are correct
- Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides): Sea buckthorn is a deciduous shrub native to Europe and Asia.
- It is known for its small, orange-yellow berries that are packed with nutrients.
- In India, it is found in HP, Ladakh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.
- In HP, it is locally called chharma.
- Medicinal Benefits:
- Sea buckthorn is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
- It is particularly high in vitamins C and omega fatty acids.
- It can reduce inflammation, boost immune system, treat heart and skin problems, etc.
- Ecological Benefits:
- Sea buckthorn is a soil-binding plant which prevents soil-erosion and checks siltation in rivers.
- It is a pest resistant shrub and so is a good alternative for protecting the local ecology.
- It grows well in dry regions.
- Economic Benefits:
- Sea buckthorn is used in making juices, jams, nutritional capsules etc.
- It is also an important source of fuelwood and fodder.
- Recently, Ladakh secured its 4th Geographical Indication (GI) tag for Sea Buckthorn.
Statement 2 and 4 are incorrect
- The plant is mainly valued for its nutrient-rich berries and ecological benefits, rather than for biodiesel production. The oil extracted from its berries and seeds is widely used in nutraceutical, cosmetic, and medicinal products due to its high content of vitamins and antioxidants. Moreover, Sea Buckthorn is a small shrub, not a timber-producing tree; therefore, its wood does not have significant commercial timber value.
