Consider the following: The arrival of Babur into India led to the

1. introduction of gunpowder in the subcontinent
2. introduction of the arch and dome in the region’s architecture
3. establishment of Timurid dynasty in the region

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 3 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect

• Although gunpowder was used earlier too in India, it is Babur who popularised its use. The new war tactics introduced by Babur were the tulughma and the araba (First Battle of Panipat (1526).

Statement 2 is incorrect

• The arch and dome were introduced much earlier in Indian architecture during the Delhi Sultanate period (12th-13th century).

Statement 3 is correct

• Babur established the Timurid (Mughal) dynasty in India after his victory at Panipat. He was the descendant of Timur, the Turk (father’s side), and Genghis Khan (mother’s side).

Answer: (b) 3 only; Difficulty Level: Hard