Proportional representation is NOT necessary in a country where:

1. there are no reserved constituencies
2. a two-party system has developed
3. the first-past-post system prevails
4. there is a fusion of Presidential and Parliamentary forms of governments

Explanation

Option (b) is correct

• Proportional Representation (PR) is useful in multi-party systems to ensure minority representation.
• In a two-party system, like that of the UK, representation distortion is minimal. Hence PR is not considered necessary where a stable two-party system exists.

Answer: (b) a two-party system has developed