In the Union Budget 2011-12, a full exemption from the basic customs duty was extended to the bio-based asphalt (bio asphalt). What is the importance of this material?

1. Unlike traditional asphalt, bio-asphalt is not based on fossil fuels.
2. Bio asphalt can be made from non-renewable resources.
3. Bio asphalt can be made from organic waste materials.
4. It is eco-friendly to use bio asphalt for surfacing of the roads.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1. 1, 2 and 3 only
2. 1, 3 and 4 only
3. 2 and 4 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct

• Unlike traditional asphalt, which is derived from petroleum (a fossil fuel), bio-asphalt is produced from renewable resources such as plant-based oils, sugars, and organic waste.

Statement 2 is incorrect

• Bio-asphalt is made from renewable resources, not non-renewable ones

Statement 3 is correct

• Bio-asphalt can be made from organic waste materials, including agricultural residues, algae, and other biodegradable sources.

Statement 4 is correct

• Bio-asphalt is considered eco-friendly as it reduces dependence on petroleum, lowers carbon emissions, and offers a sustainable alternative for road surfacing.

Answer: (b) 1, 3 and 4 only | Difficulty Level: Easy