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Consider the following:

  1. Butterflies
  2. Fish
  3. Frogs
How many of the above have poisonous species among them?
  1. Only one
  2. Only two
  3. All three
  4. None

Explanation

All have poisonous species among them
  • Butterflies: Some butterfly species are poisonous.
    • For example: monarch butterfly is toxic due to the cardenolides (a type of cardiac glycoside) it accumulates from feeding on milkweed.
  • Fish: Several fish species are poisonous.
    • For example: pufferfish contains tetrodotoxin (Tetrodotoxin is a deadly, potent poison). Other poisonous fish include stonefish and lionfish.
  • Frogs: Some frogs are poisonous.
    • For Example: dart frogs secrete toxins through their skin that can be potentially harmful to humans.

PMF Concept Hack

The question is asked in a very broad sense, and in biology it is quite common to find poisonous species in different groups of organisms. So, to say that any one group has no poisonous species at all would itself be an extreme claim.

Answer: (c) All three: Difficulty Level: Easy
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