Fawazil in the Sultanate period meant

1. extra payment made to the nobles
2. revenue assigned in lieu of salary
3. excess amount paid to the exchequer by the iqtadars
4. illegal exactions extracted from the peasants

Explanation

Option (c) is correct

• Fawazil was the surplus revenue collected by Iqtadars beyond their salary. This extra amount had to be deposited into the state treasury.

Answer: (c) excess amount paid to the exchequer by the iqtadars