Consider the following statements:

1. Kitab‑i‑Nauras, a collection of songs in praise of Hindu deities and Muslim saints, was written by Ibrahim Adil Shah II.
2. Amir Khusrau was the originator in India of the early form of the musical style known as Qawwali.

Which of these statements is/are correct?

1. Only 1
2. Only 2
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Both statements are correct

• The Kitab-i-Nauras or the Book of Nine Rasas consist of fifty-nine songs and seventeen couplets composed by Sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur. The Kitab-i-Nauras Blends Hindu And Islamic Devotion Through Poetry And Music, Celebrating Deities Like Saraswati And Ganesha Alongside Islamic Figures Like Prophet Hazrat Muhammad and Hazrat Khwaja Bande Nawaz.
• Amir Khusrau is regarded as the pioneer of qawwali in the Indian subcontinent. Associated with the Chishti Sufi tradition, he introduced the qaul style and blended Persian, Hindavi, and Sufi poetic elements to shape the early form of qawwali.

Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2