Consider the following statements:

1. Caffeine, a constituent of tea and coffee is a diuretic.
2. Citric acid is used in soft drinks.
3. Ascorbic acid is essential for the formation of bones and teeth.
4. Citric acid is a good substitution for ascorbic acid in our nutrition.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1. 1 and 2, only
2. 1, 2 and 3, only
3. 3 and 4 only
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct

• Caffeine is scientifically classified as a mild diuretic. A diuretic is a substance that promotes diuresis, meaning it increases urine production and causes the body to get rid of excess salt and water.

Statement 2 is correct

• Citric acid is widely used in soft drinks as:
  • A flavouring agent (gives a sour taste)
  • A preservative
  • A pH regulator

Statemetn 3 is correct

• Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is critical for synthesizing collagen, the foundational protein providing structural strength to bones, teeth, skin, and cartilage

Statemetn 4 is incorrect

• Citric acid and ascorbic acid are chemically and nutritionally different:
  • Ascorbic acid is Vitamin C and an essential nutrient
  • Citric acid has no vitamin function and cannot prevent Vitamin C deficiency.

Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 3 only