Consider the following pairs:
| International agreement/setup | Subject |
| 1.Alma Ata declaration | Healthcare of the people |
| 2.Hague convention | Biological and Chemical Weapons |
| 3.Talanoa dialogue | Global Climate Change |
| 4.Under2 Coalition | Child Rights |
Which of the pairs above is/are correct?
- 1 and 2 only
- 4 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2, 3 and 4 only
Explanation
Pair 1 is correct
- The Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 emerged as a major milestone of the twentieth century in the field of public health, and it identified primary health care (PHC) as the key to the attainment of the goal of Health for All. It was signed by 134 governments (including India), and 67other agencies, and the concept launched was health for all by the year 2000. In 1946, the concept of PHC was given three decades before the Alma-Ata declarations by Sir Joseph Bhore, who made recommendations for the organisation of basic health services in India.
- In October 2018, the declaration was reiterated by 197 countries around the world as they signed the Declaration of Astana that vowed to strengthen primary healthcare as an essential step for achieving universal health coverage.
Pair 2 is incorrect
- There are several Hague Conventions; however, the ones related to Biological and Chemical Weapons are not typically associated with the Hague Conventions. The Hague Conventions generally cover issues such as international law of war, child protection, and civil procedure.
- The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), which effectively prohibits biological and toxin weapons, was opened for signature on 10 April 1972 and entered into force on 26 March 1975.
Pair 3 is correct
- The Talanoa Dialogue is the UN’s strategic initiative to address climate change challenges, organized around three central questions: Where are we in terms of climate action? Where do we want to go? And how do we get there? It is designed to motivate countries to enhance their climate ambitions and generate actionable ideas.
Image Source: Carbon brief
Pair 4 is incorrect
- The Under2 Coalition Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is an ambitious climate agreement for subnational governments. It fortifies the commitment to become a ‘net zero coalition’ by 2050, with net zero emissions targets as a baseline for membership.
- Climate Group acts as secretariat of the Under2 Coalition, which is the largest network of subnational governments committed to reaching net zero emissions. It is an international nonprofit, officially launched in 2004, with offices in London, New York, New Delhi, Amsterdam and Beijing.
