- Rice is mainly a Kharif crop (sown in June–July and harvested in Nov–Dec), but it is also grown as Rabi and Zaid crops in Southern and Eastern India.
- Climate: Rice requires temperatures of 25–35°C, high humidity, and annual rainfall above 100 cm.
- Soil: It grows best in deep, clayey, and loamy soils with high water-holding capacity.
- Cultivation Methods: Indian farmers mainly use transplantation, broadcasting, & drilling methods.
- New methods such as Direct Seeding of Rice (DSR) and Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) are promoted to conserve groundwater.
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