- Gomati River:
- The river originates from Gomat Taal (also called Fulhaar Jheel) near Madhotanda in Pilibhit district, Uttar Pradesh.
- It flows entirely within the state of Uttar Pradesh.
- Its tributaries are Sukheta, Choha, Andhra Choha, Kathina, Sarayan, Sai River (Major tributary), which joins near Jaunpur, Peeli River and Kalyani River.
- Major cities and towns along its course include: Lucknow (capital city of Uttar Pradesh), Jaunpur and Sultanpur.
- Ghaghara River:
- The Ghaghara (known as Karnali in Nepal) originates in the glaciers of Mapchachungo.
- Sharda River (Kali or Kali Ganga) joins it before it finally meets the Ganga at Chhapra.
- Tributaries: Sharda (Kali), Seti River, etc
- Gandak River:
- Gandak comprises two streams, namely Kaligandak and Trishulganga. They rise in the Nepal Himalayas between the Dhaulagiri and Mount Everest.
- Gandak drains the central part of Nepal and joins the Ganga at Sonpur near Patna.
- It was declared as National Waterway (NW)-37 from Bhaisalotan Barrage to its confluence with the Ganga River vide National Waterways Act, 2016.
- Valmiki National Park (Bihar) and Chitwan National Park (Nepal) are located on the banks of this river.
- Tributaries: Kali Gandak, Mayangadi, Bari, Panchand, etc.
- Kosi River:
- Kosi is a transboundary river that flows through Nepal, Tibet (China), and India.
- It is formed by the confluence of three streams — Sun Kosi, Arun Kosi, and Tamur Kosi, all originating in the Himalayan region of Nepal and Tibet.
- Kosi, the Sorrow of Bihar, tends to change its course generally in the westward direction and cause devastating floods.
- It is also called Sapt Kosi because of its seven tributaries.
- The tributaries Trijuunga, Kamala Balan, Bagmati, etc
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