With reference to Dhrupad, one of the major traditions of India that has been kept alive for centuries, which of the following statements are correct?
- Dhrupad originated and developed in the Rajput kingdoms during the Mughal period.
- Dhrupad is primarily a devotional and spiritual music.
- Dhrupad Alap uses Sanskrit syllables from Mantras.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
- None of the above is correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Dhrupad claims the distinction of being the oldest form of Indian Classical music heard today, its origin can be traced back to the chanting of vedic hymns and mantras. It is said to be a form of the Gandharva Veda, the Vedic science of music, which is a branch of Sama Veda. Although it later flourished during the reign of Akbar and in Rajput courts such as that of Raja Man Singh Tomar of Gwalior, it did not originate in the Mughal period.
Statement 2 is correct
- Dhrupad is deeply devotional and spiritual in nature. Traditionally performed in temples, it continues to serve as a medium for spiritual reflection and devotion.
Statement 3 is correct
- The ‘Nom Tom’ alap in Dhrupad uses syllables such as ‘Ri’, ‘Na’, and ‘Num’, which are believed to be derived from Sanskrit devotional phrases or mantras, such as Hari Om Ananta Narayan.
