With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts: 1) Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947 2) Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957 [2011]

With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts:

The Imports and Exports (Control) Act, 1947, is a key piece of legislation in India that regulates the import and export of goods, including those related to biodiversity conservation and was later replaced by the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992

It empowers the GoI to set rules for mineral conservation, systematic development, and environmental protection in mining operations.
Accordingly, Mineral Conservation and Development Rules (MCDR), 2017 which provides for:
- Precaution against air pollution: License or leaseholders must minimise air pollution from fines, dust, smoke, or emissions within permissible limits during mining operations.
- Permissible limits and standards: Adhere to standard and permissible limits for pollutants, toxins, and noise as notified by relevant authorities under current laws.

International trade in all wild fauna and flora is regulated jointly through the provisions of the
- Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972,
- Foreign Trade (Development Regulation) Act 1992,
- Foreign Trade Policy of the Government of India and
- Customs Act, 1962.

The IFA 1927 was largely based on previous Indian Forest Acts implemented under the British. The most famous one was the IFA 1878.
It provides the legal framework for the protection and management of forests and duty leviable on timber and other forest products. It provides for the procedure to be followed for declaring an area to be Reserve/Protected/Village Forest (Degree of protection: Reserved forests > Protected forests > Village forests)
The Indian Forest (Amendment) Act, 2017 amended the definition of tree to remove the word bamboo. It means that bamboo grown outside forest areas can be felled or transported for economical use without needing permission.