In the Indian context, the term De-notified tribes refers to:

1. tribes which are aboriginals
2. nomadic tribes
3. tribes practising shifting cultivation
4. tribes which were earlier classified as criminal tribes

Explanation

Option (d) is correct

• Tribes that, during the British regime, were ‘notified’ as being ‘born criminals’ under several versions of the Criminal Tribes Acts between 1871 and 1947. After independence, this Act was repealed in 1952 (recommendations of the Ayyangar Committee), and the communities were ‘de-notified’. However, it was replaced with the Habitual Offenders Act.

Answer: (d) tribes which were earlier classified as criminal tribes