Which of the following are matters on which a constitutional amendment is possible only with the ratification of the legislatures of not less than one-half of the States?

1. Election of the President
2. Representation of States in Parliament
3. Any of the Lists in the 7th Schedule
4. Abolition of the Legislative Council of a State

Codes:

1. I, II and III
2. I, II and IV
3. I, III and IV
4. II, III and IV

Explanation

Option (a) is correct

• The proviso to Article 368 mandates ratification by at least one-half of the State Legislatures for constitutional amendments affecting specified matters, such as Articles 54 and 55 (election of the President), the representation of States in Parliament, and any of the Lists in the Seventh Schedule. In contrast, the abolition of a State Legislative Council is governed by Article 169 through a parliamentary law and is not considered a constitutional amendment under Article 368; hence, it does not require State ratification.

Answer: (a) I, II and III