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October 20-21 2024 Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs)
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- These Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs.
- The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here.
- Subscribers of the“Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
[Quiz] Daily Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) – October 20-21 2024
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These MCQs are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs. The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here. Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
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Question 1 of 8
1. Question
Q1. {Prelims – S&T – Space} Consider the following statements about Brown Dwarfs:
- Brown dwarfs are sub-stellar objects with masses generally between 10 and 90 times the mass of Jupiter.
- They undergo nuclear fusion just like stars but at a much slower rate.
- Due to their low temperatures and small sizes, brown dwarfs have extremely low luminosities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Brown dwarfs are sub-stellar objects that have masses between those of stars and planets, generally between 10 and 90 times the mass of Jupiter.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- They form the same way as stars, from collapsing clouds of gas and dust, but they don’t have enough mass to start nuclear fusion, which powers real stars. Hence, can be considered wannabe/failed stars.
Statement 3 is correct
- They are formally defined as objects that can burn a heavy form of hydrogen, called deuterium, but not the most common basic form of hydrogen.
- Because of their low temperatures and small sizes, brown dwarfs have extremely low luminosities.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only | Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Brown dwarfs are sub-stellar objects that have masses between those of stars and planets, generally between 10 and 90 times the mass of Jupiter.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- They form the same way as stars, from collapsing clouds of gas and dust, but they don’t have enough mass to start nuclear fusion, which powers real stars. Hence, can be considered wannabe/failed stars.
Statement 3 is correct
- They are formally defined as objects that can burn a heavy form of hydrogen, called deuterium, but not the most common basic form of hydrogen.
- Because of their low temperatures and small sizes, brown dwarfs have extremely low luminosities.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only | Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Brown dwarfs are sub-stellar objects that have masses between those of stars and planets, generally between 10 and 90 times the mass of Jupiter.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- They form the same way as stars, from collapsing clouds of gas and dust, but they don’t have enough mass to start nuclear fusion, which powers real stars. Hence, can be considered wannabe/failed stars.
Statement 3 is correct
- They are formally defined as objects that can burn a heavy form of hydrogen, called deuterium, but not the most common basic form of hydrogen.
- Because of their low temperatures and small sizes, brown dwarfs have extremely low luminosities.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only | Difficulty Level: Medium
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Question 2 of 8
2. Question
Q2. {Prelims – S&T – Defence} Consider the following statements regarding India’s military exercises with Oman:
- Naseem Al Bahr is a bilateral military exercise between the Indian Army and the Royal Army of Oman focused on counter-terrorism in desert environments.
- Eastern Bridge is a bilateral air exercise between the Indian Air Force and the Royal Air Force of Oman.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Al Najah is a bilateral military exercise between the Indian Army and the Royal Army of Oman focused on counter-terrorism in desert environments.
- Naseem Al Bahr is the bilateral naval exercise between India and Oman.
Statement 2 is correct
- Eastern Bridge is a bilateral air exercise between the Indian Air Force and the Royal Air Force of Oman.
Answer: (b) 2 only | Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Al Najah is a bilateral military exercise between the Indian Army and the Royal Army of Oman focused on counter-terrorism in desert environments.
- Naseem Al Bahr is the bilateral naval exercise between India and Oman.
Statement 2 is correct
- Eastern Bridge is a bilateral air exercise between the Indian Air Force and the Royal Air Force of Oman.
Answer: (b) 2 only | Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Al Najah is a bilateral military exercise between the Indian Army and the Royal Army of Oman focused on counter-terrorism in desert environments.
- Naseem Al Bahr is the bilateral naval exercise between India and Oman.
Statement 2 is correct
- Eastern Bridge is a bilateral air exercise between the Indian Air Force and the Royal Air Force of Oman.
Answer: (b) 2 only | Difficulty Level: Medium
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Question 3 of 8
3. Question
Q3. {Prelims – S&T – Bio Diseases} Consider the following statements:
- Statement – I: Vitiligo is a long-term skin disorder that results in the loss of pigment in patches, causing white areas to appear on the skin.
- Statement – II: It arises due to the malfunction or destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Explanation
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
- Vitiligo is a long-term skin disorder that results in the loss of pigment in patches, causing white areas to appear on the skin. It is not contagious. Affects between 0.5 – 2% of the global population.
- Cause: It arises due to the malfunction or destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour.
- It could result from autoimmune responses, genetic predispositions, and environmental factors (UV radiation, chemical exposure, etc). It results in depigmented patches that may occur anywhere on the body, including the skin, hair, and even the lining of the mouth.
- Does not have a permanent cure. Treatments aim to manage symptoms and restore skin pigmentation.
Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I. | Difficulty Level: Hard
Incorrect
Explanation
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
- Vitiligo is a long-term skin disorder that results in the loss of pigment in patches, causing white areas to appear on the skin. It is not contagious. Affects between 0.5 – 2% of the global population.
- Cause: It arises due to the malfunction or destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour.
- It could result from autoimmune responses, genetic predispositions, and environmental factors (UV radiation, chemical exposure, etc). It results in depigmented patches that may occur anywhere on the body, including the skin, hair, and even the lining of the mouth.
- Does not have a permanent cure. Treatments aim to manage symptoms and restore skin pigmentation.
Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I. | Difficulty Level: Hard
Unattempted
Explanation
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
- Vitiligo is a long-term skin disorder that results in the loss of pigment in patches, causing white areas to appear on the skin. It is not contagious. Affects between 0.5 – 2% of the global population.
- Cause: It arises due to the malfunction or destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour.
- It could result from autoimmune responses, genetic predispositions, and environmental factors (UV radiation, chemical exposure, etc). It results in depigmented patches that may occur anywhere on the body, including the skin, hair, and even the lining of the mouth.
- Does not have a permanent cure. Treatments aim to manage symptoms and restore skin pigmentation.
Answer: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I. | Difficulty Level: Hard
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Question 4 of 8
4. Question
Q4. {Envi – RE} Which of the following statements best describes the concept of a ‘Just’ Energy Transition’?
Correct
Explanation
Option (c) is correct
- A just energy transition refers to an equitable and inclusive shift towards a low-carbon economy that considers the interests of fossil-fuel-dependent workers and communities.
- Costs Associated with a Just Transition:
- Mine Closures and Repurposing: Costs associated with closing coal mines and repurposing the sites.
- Retirement of Coal Plants: Costs of retiring coal plants and converting the sites for clean energy.
- Labour Skilling: Training coal workers for green jobs.
- Economic Diversification: Developing new businesses to replace coal-based industries.
- Community Support: Providing support to communities affected by the transition.
- Green Energy Investments: Building new energy infrastructure to replace coal mines & coal-fired plants.
- Revenue Substitution: Compensating states for the loss of revenue from coal.
- Planning Costs: Costs associated with planning and managing the transition.
- Funding the Transition:
- Public Funding: Grants and subsidies for non-energy costs like community support & worker retraining.
- Private Investments: Investments in green energy plants and infrastructure.
- District Mineral Foundations Funds: Nearly $4 billion is available from funds collected from miners, which can be used to support new businesses and communities in coal districts.
- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Additional support for new businesses & community resilience.
Answer: (c) A transition towards a low-carbon economy that ensures equitable opportunities for fossil-fuel-dependent workers and communities, while addressing economic, social, and environmental costs | Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Option (c) is correct
- A just energy transition refers to an equitable and inclusive shift towards a low-carbon economy that considers the interests of fossil-fuel-dependent workers and communities.
- Costs Associated with a Just Transition:
- Mine Closures and Repurposing: Costs associated with closing coal mines and repurposing the sites.
- Retirement of Coal Plants: Costs of retiring coal plants and converting the sites for clean energy.
- Labour Skilling: Training coal workers for green jobs.
- Economic Diversification: Developing new businesses to replace coal-based industries.
- Community Support: Providing support to communities affected by the transition.
- Green Energy Investments: Building new energy infrastructure to replace coal mines & coal-fired plants.
- Revenue Substitution: Compensating states for the loss of revenue from coal.
- Planning Costs: Costs associated with planning and managing the transition.
- Funding the Transition:
- Public Funding: Grants and subsidies for non-energy costs like community support & worker retraining.
- Private Investments: Investments in green energy plants and infrastructure.
- District Mineral Foundations Funds: Nearly $4 billion is available from funds collected from miners, which can be used to support new businesses and communities in coal districts.
- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Additional support for new businesses & community resilience.
Answer: (c) A transition towards a low-carbon economy that ensures equitable opportunities for fossil-fuel-dependent workers and communities, while addressing economic, social, and environmental costs | Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Option (c) is correct
- A just energy transition refers to an equitable and inclusive shift towards a low-carbon economy that considers the interests of fossil-fuel-dependent workers and communities.
- Costs Associated with a Just Transition:
- Mine Closures and Repurposing: Costs associated with closing coal mines and repurposing the sites.
- Retirement of Coal Plants: Costs of retiring coal plants and converting the sites for clean energy.
- Labour Skilling: Training coal workers for green jobs.
- Economic Diversification: Developing new businesses to replace coal-based industries.
- Community Support: Providing support to communities affected by the transition.
- Green Energy Investments: Building new energy infrastructure to replace coal mines & coal-fired plants.
- Revenue Substitution: Compensating states for the loss of revenue from coal.
- Planning Costs: Costs associated with planning and managing the transition.
- Funding the Transition:
- Public Funding: Grants and subsidies for non-energy costs like community support & worker retraining.
- Private Investments: Investments in green energy plants and infrastructure.
- District Mineral Foundations Funds: Nearly $4 billion is available from funds collected from miners, which can be used to support new businesses and communities in coal districts.
- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Additional support for new businesses & community resilience.
Answer: (c) A transition towards a low-carbon economy that ensures equitable opportunities for fossil-fuel-dependent workers and communities, while addressing economic, social, and environmental costs | Difficulty Level: Easy
-
Question 5 of 8
5. Question
Q5. {Social Sector – Poverty} Consider the following statements regarding the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):
- The theme of the 2024 Global MPI is “Poverty Amid Conflict.”
- It is published jointly by the World Bank and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI).
- A household is considered multidimensionally poor if it is deprived in at least one-third of the indicators across the dimensions of health, education, and living standards.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- 2024 Global MPI was on the theme “Poverty Amid Conflict.”
- Across 112 countries,18.3 percent live in acute multidimensional poverty. Nearly 40% of the 1.1 billion people living in poverty, approximately 455 million, are situated in countries experiencing conflict.
- The five countries with the largest number of people living in poverty are India (234 million), Pakistan (93 million), Ethiopia (86 million), Nigeria (74 million), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (66 million). These five countries account for nearly half (48.1%) of the 1.1 billion poor people.
- Around 584 million people under the age of 18 are living in extreme poverty, making up 27.9% of all children globally, compared to 13.5 % of adults. Most poor people (83.7 %) reside in rural areas.
- It noted that 2023 witnessed more conflicts than ever since WWII, displacing over 117 million people.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- It is published annually by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative.
Statement 3 is correct
- Uses ten indicators across three dimensions: health, education, and living standards.
- Households are “multidimensionally poor” if they are deprived in at least one-third of these indicators.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only | Difficulty Level: Hard
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- 2024 Global MPI was on the theme “Poverty Amid Conflict.”
- Across 112 countries,18.3 percent live in acute multidimensional poverty. Nearly 40% of the 1.1 billion people living in poverty, approximately 455 million, are situated in countries experiencing conflict.
- The five countries with the largest number of people living in poverty are India (234 million), Pakistan (93 million), Ethiopia (86 million), Nigeria (74 million), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (66 million). These five countries account for nearly half (48.1%) of the 1.1 billion poor people.
- Around 584 million people under the age of 18 are living in extreme poverty, making up 27.9% of all children globally, compared to 13.5 % of adults. Most poor people (83.7 %) reside in rural areas.
- It noted that 2023 witnessed more conflicts than ever since WWII, displacing over 117 million people.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- It is published annually by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative.
Statement 3 is correct
- Uses ten indicators across three dimensions: health, education, and living standards.
- Households are “multidimensionally poor” if they are deprived in at least one-third of these indicators.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only | Difficulty Level: Hard
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- 2024 Global MPI was on the theme “Poverty Amid Conflict.”
- Across 112 countries,18.3 percent live in acute multidimensional poverty. Nearly 40% of the 1.1 billion people living in poverty, approximately 455 million, are situated in countries experiencing conflict.
- The five countries with the largest number of people living in poverty are India (234 million), Pakistan (93 million), Ethiopia (86 million), Nigeria (74 million), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (66 million). These five countries account for nearly half (48.1%) of the 1.1 billion poor people.
- Around 584 million people under the age of 18 are living in extreme poverty, making up 27.9% of all children globally, compared to 13.5 % of adults. Most poor people (83.7 %) reside in rural areas.
- It noted that 2023 witnessed more conflicts than ever since WWII, displacing over 117 million people.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- It is published annually by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative.
Statement 3 is correct
- Uses ten indicators across three dimensions: health, education, and living standards.
- Households are “multidimensionally poor” if they are deprived in at least one-third of these indicators.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only | Difficulty Level: Hard
-
Question 6 of 8
6. Question
Q6. {Social Sector – Health Diseases} Consider the following statements regarding Gaucher disease:
- Gaucher disease is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder that results in the accumulation of fatty substances in organs like the liver and spleen.
- The typical symptoms consist of weakened bones, enlarged organs, and yellowish spots in the eyes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct
- Petition seeking sustainable treatment support for Gaucher disease was submitted
- It is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) that leads to the accumulation of fatty substances, known as sphingolipids, in organs like the bone marrow, liver, and spleen.
- It can cause the weakening of bones and enlargement of the affected organs. Common symptoms include an enlarged spleen and liver, eye movement disorders, and yellow eye spots.
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2 | Difficulty Level: Hard
Incorrect
Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct
- Petition seeking sustainable treatment support for Gaucher disease was submitted
- It is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) that leads to the accumulation of fatty substances, known as sphingolipids, in organs like the bone marrow, liver, and spleen.
- It can cause the weakening of bones and enlargement of the affected organs. Common symptoms include an enlarged spleen and liver, eye movement disorders, and yellow eye spots.
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2 | Difficulty Level: Hard
Unattempted
Explanation
Statements 1 and 2 are correct
- Petition seeking sustainable treatment support for Gaucher disease was submitted
- It is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) that leads to the accumulation of fatty substances, known as sphingolipids, in organs like the bone marrow, liver, and spleen.
- It can cause the weakening of bones and enlargement of the affected organs. Common symptoms include an enlarged spleen and liver, eye movement disorders, and yellow eye spots.
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2 | Difficulty Level: Hard
-
Question 7 of 8
7. Question
Q7. {Envi – Conservation} Consider the following statements regarding Basalt dust:
- Statement – I: Basalt dust can improve soil fertility, increase crop yields, and promote carbon sequestration by enhancing weathering, which captures CO2 from the atmosphere.
- Statement – II: Basaltic rock, used in this process, is found primarily in the Deccan Traps of Maharashtra and Gujarat, as well as the Rajmahal Traps of Jharkhand and West Bengal.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Explanation
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.
- Basalt dust as organic fertiliser can enrich soil & accelerate carbon sequestration.
- Benefits of Basaltic Dust:
- Mitigate climate change by promoting a natural process called enhanced weathering, which captures CO2 from the atmosphere and stores it in the form of stable carbonates.
- Adding rock dust to soil also improves its fertility and crop yields.
- Basalt powder undergoes decomposition in the soil solution, resulting in the formation of some weak acids and an increase in soil pH.
- Basaltic rock, a kind of volcanic rock, is rich in minerals such as calcium and magnesium. It is found in parts of Maharashtra and Gujarat (where the volcanic Deccan Traps are located) and Jharkhand and West Bengal (where the Rajmahal Traps are situated).
Answer: (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I | Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.
- Basalt dust as organic fertiliser can enrich soil & accelerate carbon sequestration.
- Benefits of Basaltic Dust:
- Mitigate climate change by promoting a natural process called enhanced weathering, which captures CO2 from the atmosphere and stores it in the form of stable carbonates.
- Adding rock dust to soil also improves its fertility and crop yields.
- Basalt powder undergoes decomposition in the soil solution, resulting in the formation of some weak acids and an increase in soil pH.
- Basaltic rock, a kind of volcanic rock, is rich in minerals such as calcium and magnesium. It is found in parts of Maharashtra and Gujarat (where the volcanic Deccan Traps are located) and Jharkhand and West Bengal (where the Rajmahal Traps are situated).
Answer: (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I | Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.
- Basalt dust as organic fertiliser can enrich soil & accelerate carbon sequestration.
- Benefits of Basaltic Dust:
- Mitigate climate change by promoting a natural process called enhanced weathering, which captures CO2 from the atmosphere and stores it in the form of stable carbonates.
- Adding rock dust to soil also improves its fertility and crop yields.
- Basalt powder undergoes decomposition in the soil solution, resulting in the formation of some weak acids and an increase in soil pH.
- Basaltic rock, a kind of volcanic rock, is rich in minerals such as calcium and magnesium. It is found in parts of Maharashtra and Gujarat (where the volcanic Deccan Traps are located) and Jharkhand and West Bengal (where the Rajmahal Traps are situated).
Answer: (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I | Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 8 of 8
8. Question
Q8. {Prelims – S&T – Defence} Consider the following statements regarding the Indian Navy’s second Very Low Frequency (VLF) radar station:
- Statement-I: The location selected for the station is Damagudem Forest in Telangana.
- Statement-ll: The station is situated at an altitude of 250 feet and is characterized by a lack of nearby mountains.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
Explanation
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- The Indian Navy chose Damagudem Forest in Telangana for its VLF radar station due to its suitable geographical features.
- It is located at an altitude of 250 feet and the absence of nearby mountains allows for nearly 300 km of unobstructed signal transmission.
- It ensures efficient communication with units in the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal.
- The location had to be free of high-tension electrical wires within a certain radius to prevent interference with radar operations.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I. | Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- The Indian Navy chose Damagudem Forest in Telangana for its VLF radar station due to its suitable geographical features.
- It is located at an altitude of 250 feet and the absence of nearby mountains allows for nearly 300 km of unobstructed signal transmission.
- It ensures efficient communication with units in the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal.
- The location had to be free of high-tension electrical wires within a certain radius to prevent interference with radar operations.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I. | Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
- The Indian Navy chose Damagudem Forest in Telangana for its VLF radar station due to its suitable geographical features.
- It is located at an altitude of 250 feet and the absence of nearby mountains allows for nearly 300 km of unobstructed signal transmission.
- It ensures efficient communication with units in the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal.
- The location had to be free of high-tension electrical wires within a certain radius to prevent interference with radar operations.
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I. | Difficulty Level: Easy
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