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June 01 2024 Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs)
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- These Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs.
- The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here.
- Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
[Quiz] Daily Prelims Practice Questions (PPQs) – June 01 2024
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These MCQs are based on PMF IAS Daily Current Affairs. The daily current affairs are uploaded every day by 8 PM. You can read the Daily Current Affairs from here. Subscribers of the “Current Affairs” course can Download Daily Current Affairs in PDF/DOC from here.
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Q1. {MIH – Personalities} Consider the following statements about Ahilya Bai Holkar:
- Ahilya Bai Holkar was born into a Brahmin family in Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra.
- She established Maheshwar on the banks of the Godavari River as the capital of the Holkar Dynasty.
- She promoted Maheshwari saris and repealed a traditional law that allowed the state to confiscate the property of childless widows.
- She was described as “a very able ruler and organiser” in “Hindu Swarajya” by Mahatma Gandhi.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Ahilya Bai Holkar was born in 1725 to a Dhangar/Gadariya (shepherd) family in Maharashtra’s Ahmednagar district.
- Her father, Mankoji Shinde, was from a respectable Dhangar (Gadariya) family who served as the Patil (title like village head).
- Although women did not go to school back then, Ahilyabai’s father taught her to read and write.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- She married Khande Rao Holkar, son of Malhar Rao Holkar, an army commander to Peshwa Bajirao.
- Malhar Rao Holkar died in 1766, 12 years after the death of his son Khande Rao. Then Khande Rao’s only son, Male Rao Holkar, became the ruler of Indore in 1766, under Ahilyabai’s regency.
- Male Rao Holkar, too, died in April 1767. Then Ahilyabai took over as ruler of Malwa with Tukoji Rao Holkar (Malhar Rao’s adopted son and a soldier in his army ) as her military head.
- She established Maheshwar (in Madhya Pradesh) on the banks of the Narmada River as the capital of the Holkar Dynasty.
Statement 3 is correct
- She patronised many artists, including Marathi poet Moropant, Shahir Ananta Gandhi, and Sanskrit scholar Khushali Ram.
- She promoted Maheshwari saris (from Maheshwar) and paved the way for empowering women.
- Ahilyabai repealed a traditional law that allowed the state to confiscate the property of childless widows.
- She made efforts to develop the city of Indore, conserve forests and animals, and was responsible for the flourishing trade and commerce.
Statement 4 is incorrect
- She was described as “a very able ruler and organiser” by Jawaharlal Nehru in ‘A Discovery of India’.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Ahilya Bai Holkar was born in 1725 to a Dhangar/Gadariya (shepherd) family in Maharashtra’s Ahmednagar district.
- Her father, Mankoji Shinde, was from a respectable Dhangar (Gadariya) family who served as the Patil (title like village head).
- Although women did not go to school back then, Ahilyabai’s father taught her to read and write.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- She married Khande Rao Holkar, son of Malhar Rao Holkar, an army commander to Peshwa Bajirao.
- Malhar Rao Holkar died in 1766, 12 years after the death of his son Khande Rao. Then Khande Rao’s only son, Male Rao Holkar, became the ruler of Indore in 1766, under Ahilyabai’s regency.
- Male Rao Holkar, too, died in April 1767. Then Ahilyabai took over as ruler of Malwa with Tukoji Rao Holkar (Malhar Rao’s adopted son and a soldier in his army ) as her military head.
- She established Maheshwar (in Madhya Pradesh) on the banks of the Narmada River as the capital of the Holkar Dynasty.
Statement 3 is correct
- She patronised many artists, including Marathi poet Moropant, Shahir Ananta Gandhi, and Sanskrit scholar Khushali Ram.
- She promoted Maheshwari saris (from Maheshwar) and paved the way for empowering women.
- Ahilyabai repealed a traditional law that allowed the state to confiscate the property of childless widows.
- She made efforts to develop the city of Indore, conserve forests and animals, and was responsible for the flourishing trade and commerce.
Statement 4 is incorrect
- She was described as “a very able ruler and organiser” by Jawaharlal Nehru in ‘A Discovery of India’.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- Ahilya Bai Holkar was born in 1725 to a Dhangar/Gadariya (shepherd) family in Maharashtra’s Ahmednagar district.
- Her father, Mankoji Shinde, was from a respectable Dhangar (Gadariya) family who served as the Patil (title like village head).
- Although women did not go to school back then, Ahilyabai’s father taught her to read and write.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- She married Khande Rao Holkar, son of Malhar Rao Holkar, an army commander to Peshwa Bajirao.
- Malhar Rao Holkar died in 1766, 12 years after the death of his son Khande Rao. Then Khande Rao’s only son, Male Rao Holkar, became the ruler of Indore in 1766, under Ahilyabai’s regency.
- Male Rao Holkar, too, died in April 1767. Then Ahilyabai took over as ruler of Malwa with Tukoji Rao Holkar (Malhar Rao’s adopted son and a soldier in his army ) as her military head.
- She established Maheshwar (in Madhya Pradesh) on the banks of the Narmada River as the capital of the Holkar Dynasty.
Statement 3 is correct
- She patronised many artists, including Marathi poet Moropant, Shahir Ananta Gandhi, and Sanskrit scholar Khushali Ram.
- She promoted Maheshwari saris (from Maheshwar) and paved the way for empowering women.
- Ahilyabai repealed a traditional law that allowed the state to confiscate the property of childless widows.
- She made efforts to develop the city of Indore, conserve forests and animals, and was responsible for the flourishing trade and commerce.
Statement 4 is incorrect
- She was described as “a very able ruler and organiser” by Jawaharlal Nehru in ‘A Discovery of India’.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Q2. {Polity – IC – Comparison} Consider the following statements regarding the eligibility criteria for the presidential candidates in India and the USA:
- In India, a presidential candidate must be at least 40 years old and qualified for election as a member of the House of the People.
- In the USA, a presidential candidate must be a natural-born citizen and have lived in the country for at least 10 years.
- In India, as mentioned in the Indian Constitution, if an MP or MLA is convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for two years or more, he/she is disqualified from contesting elections for six years post-release, making them ineligible for presidential elections.
- In the USA, a candidate can be elected president even if they are imprisoned.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- In India, a presidential candidate must be at least 35 years old, not 40 years old.
- According to Article 58 of the Indian Constitution, a candidate must be at least 35 years of age to be eligible for the office of President.
- He/she must be qualified for election as a member of the House of the People.
- He/she cannot hold any office of profit under the GoI, any State Government, or any local or other authority under the control of these governments.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- In the USA, a presidential candidate must be a Natural Born Citizen and have lived in the country for at least 14 years, not 10 years.
- He/she must be at least 35 years old.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- According to Section 8 (3) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, any Member of Parliament (MP) or Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) convicted of an offense and sentenced to imprisonment for two years or more is disqualified from contesting in elections for six years following their release.
- Thus, the eligibility to be ‘qualified for election as a member of the House of the People’ will make a candidate ineligible to contest for the presidential election in India.
- Indian Constitution through Articles 102(1) and 191(1) provides for disqualification of a member of Parliament and a member of the Legislative Assembly respectively.
- The grounds here include holding an office of profit, being of unsound mind or insolvent or not having valid citizenship.
- The second prescription of disqualification is in the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution.
- This provides for the disqualification of the members on grounds of defection
Statement 4 is correct
- The U.S. Constitution does not have any provisions that disqualify a person from running for the office of President due to imprisonment.
- Thus, a candidate can legally be elected president even if they are imprisoned.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- In India, a presidential candidate must be at least 35 years old, not 40 years old.
- According to Article 58 of the Indian Constitution, a candidate must be at least 35 years of age to be eligible for the office of President.
- He/she must be qualified for election as a member of the House of the People.
- He/she cannot hold any office of profit under the GoI, any State Government, or any local or other authority under the control of these governments.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- In the USA, a presidential candidate must be a Natural Born Citizen and have lived in the country for at least 14 years, not 10 years.
- He/she must be at least 35 years old.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- According to Section 8 (3) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, any Member of Parliament (MP) or Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) convicted of an offense and sentenced to imprisonment for two years or more is disqualified from contesting in elections for six years following their release.
- Thus, the eligibility to be ‘qualified for election as a member of the House of the People’ will make a candidate ineligible to contest for the presidential election in India.
- Indian Constitution through Articles 102(1) and 191(1) provides for disqualification of a member of Parliament and a member of the Legislative Assembly respectively.
- The grounds here include holding an office of profit, being of unsound mind or insolvent or not having valid citizenship.
- The second prescription of disqualification is in the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution.
- This provides for the disqualification of the members on grounds of defection
Statement 4 is correct
- The U.S. Constitution does not have any provisions that disqualify a person from running for the office of President due to imprisonment.
- Thus, a candidate can legally be elected president even if they are imprisoned.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect
- In India, a presidential candidate must be at least 35 years old, not 40 years old.
- According to Article 58 of the Indian Constitution, a candidate must be at least 35 years of age to be eligible for the office of President.
- He/she must be qualified for election as a member of the House of the People.
- He/she cannot hold any office of profit under the GoI, any State Government, or any local or other authority under the control of these governments.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- In the USA, a presidential candidate must be a Natural Born Citizen and have lived in the country for at least 14 years, not 10 years.
- He/she must be at least 35 years old.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- According to Section 8 (3) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, any Member of Parliament (MP) or Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) convicted of an offense and sentenced to imprisonment for two years or more is disqualified from contesting in elections for six years following their release.
- Thus, the eligibility to be ‘qualified for election as a member of the House of the People’ will make a candidate ineligible to contest for the presidential election in India.
- Indian Constitution through Articles 102(1) and 191(1) provides for disqualification of a member of Parliament and a member of the Legislative Assembly respectively.
- The grounds here include holding an office of profit, being of unsound mind or insolvent or not having valid citizenship.
- The second prescription of disqualification is in the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution.
- This provides for the disqualification of the members on grounds of defection
Statement 4 is correct
- The U.S. Constitution does not have any provisions that disqualify a person from running for the office of President due to imprisonment.
- Thus, a candidate can legally be elected president even if they are imprisoned.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Q3. {Polity – IC – FRs} Consider the following statements regarding the implementation of living wills and passive euthanasia in India:
- Goa is the first state in India to formalise and implement the Supreme Court’s directives on living wills and passive euthanasia.
- A living will is a legally binding document which must be drafted in the presence of a notary and does not require any witnesses.
- Passive euthanasia involves administering a lethal injection to end a patient’s life, which is considered morally better because it can be quicker and cleaner, and it may be less painful for the patient.
- The Supreme Court of India recognised the right to die with dignity as a fundamental right under Article 21 in 2018.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Goa has indeed become the first state in India to officially adopt and implement the Supreme Court’s directives on living wills and passive euthanasia.
- This move signifies a significant step in ensuring that individuals in Goa can exercise their right to die with dignity as per the guidelines established by the Supreme Court.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- A living will, also known as an advance medical directive, must be drafted in the presence of witnesses and certified by a gazetted officer or notary.
- The presence of witnesses is essential to ensure the validity and authenticity of the document.
- The requirement of witnesses and certification ensures that the living will is legally binding and reflects the true intentions of the person making it.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Passive euthanasia involves the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from a terminally ill patient, allowing them to die naturally.
- It is different from active euthanasia, which involves taking deliberate steps, such as administering a lethal injection, to end a patient’s life.
- Passive euthanasia is about not prolonging life artificially, whereas active euthanasia is about actively ending life.
Statement 4 is correct
- In 2018, the Supreme Court of India recognised the right to die with dignity as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the right to life.
- The court legalised passive euthanasia and provided guidelines for the procedure, emphasizing the importance of a living will and the involvement of medical boards and judicial magistrates to ensure the process is carried out ethically and legally.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Goa has indeed become the first state in India to officially adopt and implement the Supreme Court’s directives on living wills and passive euthanasia.
- This move signifies a significant step in ensuring that individuals in Goa can exercise their right to die with dignity as per the guidelines established by the Supreme Court.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- A living will, also known as an advance medical directive, must be drafted in the presence of witnesses and certified by a gazetted officer or notary.
- The presence of witnesses is essential to ensure the validity and authenticity of the document.
- The requirement of witnesses and certification ensures that the living will is legally binding and reflects the true intentions of the person making it.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Passive euthanasia involves the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from a terminally ill patient, allowing them to die naturally.
- It is different from active euthanasia, which involves taking deliberate steps, such as administering a lethal injection, to end a patient’s life.
- Passive euthanasia is about not prolonging life artificially, whereas active euthanasia is about actively ending life.
Statement 4 is correct
- In 2018, the Supreme Court of India recognised the right to die with dignity as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the right to life.
- The court legalised passive euthanasia and provided guidelines for the procedure, emphasizing the importance of a living will and the involvement of medical boards and judicial magistrates to ensure the process is carried out ethically and legally.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Goa has indeed become the first state in India to officially adopt and implement the Supreme Court’s directives on living wills and passive euthanasia.
- This move signifies a significant step in ensuring that individuals in Goa can exercise their right to die with dignity as per the guidelines established by the Supreme Court.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- A living will, also known as an advance medical directive, must be drafted in the presence of witnesses and certified by a gazetted officer or notary.
- The presence of witnesses is essential to ensure the validity and authenticity of the document.
- The requirement of witnesses and certification ensures that the living will is legally binding and reflects the true intentions of the person making it.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- Passive euthanasia involves the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from a terminally ill patient, allowing them to die naturally.
- It is different from active euthanasia, which involves taking deliberate steps, such as administering a lethal injection, to end a patient’s life.
- Passive euthanasia is about not prolonging life artificially, whereas active euthanasia is about actively ending life.
Statement 4 is correct
- In 2018, the Supreme Court of India recognised the right to die with dignity as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the right to life.
- The court legalised passive euthanasia and provided guidelines for the procedure, emphasizing the importance of a living will and the involvement of medical boards and judicial magistrates to ensure the process is carried out ethically and legally.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Q4. {Prelims – Envi – Conservation} Consider the following statements:
- Hoolock gibbons are the only ape species found in India and are known for their brachiation, which allows them to swing from tree to tree at speeds up to 55 km/hr.
- The Western Hoolock Gibbon is classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List, while the Eastern Hoolock Gibbon is classified as Endangered (EN).
- Both male and female hoolock gibbons have black fur with white rings around their eyes and mouth.
- The canopy bridges for the hoolock gibbons will be designed by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) and will feature artificial elements particularly to ensure durability.
How many of the above statement(s) is/are not correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Hoolock gibbons are indeed the only ape species native to India.
- They are a significant species in the country’s biodiversity, residing primarily in the northeastern regions.
- Hoolock gibbons are highly adept at brachiation, a form of arboreal locomotion where they swing from tree to tree using their long arms. They can achieve speeds up to 55 km/hr and can cover significant distances in a single swing, making them the fastest and most agile of all apes.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The correct classification is that the Western Hoolock Gibbon is listed as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List, indicating it faces a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
- The Eastern Hoolock Gibbon is classified as Vulnerable (VU), which means it is considered to be at high risk of endangerment in the wild.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- There is a notable sexual dimorphism in hoolock gibbons.
- Males have black fur with striking white brows, while females have grey-brown fur, which is darker at the chest and neck.
- Both males and females have white rings around their eyes and mouth, giving them a distinctive mask-like appearance.
Statement 4 is incorrect
- While the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is designing the canopy bridges, they will be made to look as natural as possible by guiding lianas and creepers along them.
- Previously, gibbons ignored an artificial bridge but used a natural one, indicating the importance of a natural appearance.
Answer: (c) Only three; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Hoolock gibbons are indeed the only ape species native to India.
- They are a significant species in the country’s biodiversity, residing primarily in the northeastern regions.
- Hoolock gibbons are highly adept at brachiation, a form of arboreal locomotion where they swing from tree to tree using their long arms. They can achieve speeds up to 55 km/hr and can cover significant distances in a single swing, making them the fastest and most agile of all apes.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The correct classification is that the Western Hoolock Gibbon is listed as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List, indicating it faces a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
- The Eastern Hoolock Gibbon is classified as Vulnerable (VU), which means it is considered to be at high risk of endangerment in the wild.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- There is a notable sexual dimorphism in hoolock gibbons.
- Males have black fur with striking white brows, while females have grey-brown fur, which is darker at the chest and neck.
- Both males and females have white rings around their eyes and mouth, giving them a distinctive mask-like appearance.
Statement 4 is incorrect
- While the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is designing the canopy bridges, they will be made to look as natural as possible by guiding lianas and creepers along them.
- Previously, gibbons ignored an artificial bridge but used a natural one, indicating the importance of a natural appearance.
Answer: (c) Only three; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct
- Hoolock gibbons are indeed the only ape species native to India.
- They are a significant species in the country’s biodiversity, residing primarily in the northeastern regions.
- Hoolock gibbons are highly adept at brachiation, a form of arboreal locomotion where they swing from tree to tree using their long arms. They can achieve speeds up to 55 km/hr and can cover significant distances in a single swing, making them the fastest and most agile of all apes.
Statement 2 is incorrect
- The correct classification is that the Western Hoolock Gibbon is listed as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List, indicating it faces a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
- The Eastern Hoolock Gibbon is classified as Vulnerable (VU), which means it is considered to be at high risk of endangerment in the wild.
Statement 3 is incorrect
- There is a notable sexual dimorphism in hoolock gibbons.
- Males have black fur with striking white brows, while females have grey-brown fur, which is darker at the chest and neck.
- Both males and females have white rings around their eyes and mouth, giving them a distinctive mask-like appearance.
Statement 4 is incorrect
- While the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is designing the canopy bridges, they will be made to look as natural as possible by guiding lianas and creepers along them.
- Previously, gibbons ignored an artificial bridge but used a natural one, indicating the importance of a natural appearance.
Answer: (c) Only three; Difficulty Level: Medium
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Q5. {Prelims – S&T – Biotech} Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) recently seen in news, is a?
Correct
Explanation
- Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive that enhances the umami flavor in foods.
- It is approved by the USFDA and other food safety authorities around the world.
- It is found in many processed foods and restaurant dishes to improve taste.
- MSG, a USFDA-approved food additive, can activate a different promoter in the yeast genome that codes for an enzyme called phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- This leads to protein production similar to methanol activation.
- The new method produced twice the amount of antigen compared to the methanol-induced process.
Answer: (c) A USFDA-approved food additive commonly used to enhance flavour; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
- Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive that enhances the umami flavor in foods.
- It is approved by the USFDA and other food safety authorities around the world.
- It is found in many processed foods and restaurant dishes to improve taste.
- MSG, a USFDA-approved food additive, can activate a different promoter in the yeast genome that codes for an enzyme called phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- This leads to protein production similar to methanol activation.
- The new method produced twice the amount of antigen compared to the methanol-induced process.
Answer: (c) A USFDA-approved food additive commonly used to enhance flavour; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
- Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive that enhances the umami flavor in foods.
- It is approved by the USFDA and other food safety authorities around the world.
- It is found in many processed foods and restaurant dishes to improve taste.
- MSG, a USFDA-approved food additive, can activate a different promoter in the yeast genome that codes for an enzyme called phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- This leads to protein production similar to methanol activation.
- The new method produced twice the amount of antigen compared to the methanol-induced process.
Answer: (c) A USFDA-approved food additive commonly used to enhance flavour; Difficulty Level: Easy
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