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Question 1 of 8
1. Question
Q1. {Social Sector – Health – Issues} Which of the following is a synthetic dye?
Correct
Explanation
Option (a) is correct
Rhodamine B is a synthetic dye used in textiles & other industries.
It has raised health concerns due to its presence in food products like cotton candy, leading to health interventions worldwide.
Known for its bright pink hue, it is commonly used in textiles, paper, leather, and scientific research.
Health Risks:
Carcinogenic Risks: Linked to DNA damage and cancerous growths.
Animal Studies: Tumors were observed in the liver and bladder after prolonged exposure.
Cancer Risks: Synthetic dyes, including Rhodamine B, may induce DNA damage and tumour growth.
Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may suffer from allergic reactions or skin pigmentation changes.
Vulnerable Groups: Children and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk.
Answer: (a) Rhodamine B; Difficulty Level: Hard
Incorrect
Explanation
Option (a) is correct
Rhodamine B is a synthetic dye used in textiles & other industries.
It has raised health concerns due to its presence in food products like cotton candy, leading to health interventions worldwide.
Known for its bright pink hue, it is commonly used in textiles, paper, leather, and scientific research.
Health Risks:
Carcinogenic Risks: Linked to DNA damage and cancerous growths.
Animal Studies: Tumors were observed in the liver and bladder after prolonged exposure.
Cancer Risks: Synthetic dyes, including Rhodamine B, may induce DNA damage and tumour growth.
Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may suffer from allergic reactions or skin pigmentation changes.
Vulnerable Groups: Children and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk.
Answer: (a) Rhodamine B; Difficulty Level: Hard
Unattempted
Explanation
Option (a) is correct
Rhodamine B is a synthetic dye used in textiles & other industries.
It has raised health concerns due to its presence in food products like cotton candy, leading to health interventions worldwide.
Known for its bright pink hue, it is commonly used in textiles, paper, leather, and scientific research.
Health Risks:
Carcinogenic Risks: Linked to DNA damage and cancerous growths.
Animal Studies: Tumors were observed in the liver and bladder after prolonged exposure.
Cancer Risks: Synthetic dyes, including Rhodamine B, may induce DNA damage and tumour growth.
Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may suffer from allergic reactions or skin pigmentation changes.
Vulnerable Groups: Children and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk.
Answer: (a) Rhodamine B; Difficulty Level: Hard
Question 2 of 8
2. Question
Q2. {IE – Securities} ‘Grey market trading ‘ refers to:
Correct
Explanation
Option (d) is correct
Grey Market is an unofficial market where securities are traded before officially listed on stock exchanges, often driven by speculation.
Grey market involves speculative buying and selling of IPO shares before official listing, operating without formal regulation.
Operators set a premium on shares post-IPO closure based on market speculation.
Transactions settle on the official listing day, with gains or losses determined by the opening price of shares.
SEBI plans a “when-listed” trading platform to curb grey market activities, enhance transparency, regulate informal trading, and protect investors.
SEBI’s “when-listed” platform aims to reduce grey market trading by allowing shares to be traded between the IPO allotment and official listing, making this activity regulated.
Answer: (d) Trading in an unofficial market where securities are traded before officially listed on stock exchanges, often driven by speculation; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Option (d) is correct
Grey Market is an unofficial market where securities are traded before officially listed on stock exchanges, often driven by speculation.
Grey market involves speculative buying and selling of IPO shares before official listing, operating without formal regulation.
Operators set a premium on shares post-IPO closure based on market speculation.
Transactions settle on the official listing day, with gains or losses determined by the opening price of shares.
SEBI plans a “when-listed” trading platform to curb grey market activities, enhance transparency, regulate informal trading, and protect investors.
SEBI’s “when-listed” platform aims to reduce grey market trading by allowing shares to be traded between the IPO allotment and official listing, making this activity regulated.
Answer: (d) Trading in an unofficial market where securities are traded before officially listed on stock exchanges, often driven by speculation; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Option (d) is correct
Grey Market is an unofficial market where securities are traded before officially listed on stock exchanges, often driven by speculation.
Grey market involves speculative buying and selling of IPO shares before official listing, operating without formal regulation.
Operators set a premium on shares post-IPO closure based on market speculation.
Transactions settle on the official listing day, with gains or losses determined by the opening price of shares.
SEBI plans a “when-listed” trading platform to curb grey market activities, enhance transparency, regulate informal trading, and protect investors.
SEBI’s “when-listed” platform aims to reduce grey market trading by allowing shares to be traded between the IPO allotment and official listing, making this activity regulated.
Answer: (d) Trading in an unofficial market where securities are traded before officially listed on stock exchanges, often driven by speculation; Difficulty Level: Easy
Question 3 of 8
3. Question
Q3. {Vulnerable Sections – Women} With reference to Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme, consider the following statements:
It is a central sector scheme.
It is implemented by ministry of human resources.
Addressing declining sex ratio is among it’s objectives.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Statements 1, 2 are incorrect and statement 3 is correct
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme was launched in 2015. It marked its 10-year anniversary with notable achievements in improving gender indicators.
Objective: Address declining child sex ratio and prevent sex-selective abortion.
Type:Centrally sponsored scheme with no Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) or capital asset creation.
Implementation: Jointly managed by Ministries of Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Education; later expanded to include Ministries of Skill Development.
Achievements of BBBP (As compared to 2014):
Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB):
Improved from 918 to 930. Highest state gains: Rajasthan, Haryana.
Declines observed in Odisha and Karnataka.
Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER): Increased from 75.51% to 78%.
Institutional deliveries: Rose from 61% to 97.3%.
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR): Dropped from 130 deaths per lakh live births to 97.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Reduced from 39 deaths per 1,000 live births to 28.
Under-Five Child Mortality Gender Gap: Decreased from 7 points to 2 points.
Associated Missions and Portals:
Mission Shakti: Sambal focuses on women’s safety & security; Samarthya for women’s empowerment.
Mission Vatsalya: Child protection and development priorities.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Incorrect
Explanation
Statements 1, 2 are incorrect and statement 3 is correct
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme was launched in 2015. It marked its 10-year anniversary with notable achievements in improving gender indicators.
Objective: Address declining child sex ratio and prevent sex-selective abortion.
Type:Centrally sponsored scheme with no Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) or capital asset creation.
Implementation: Jointly managed by Ministries of Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Education; later expanded to include Ministries of Skill Development.
Achievements of BBBP (As compared to 2014):
Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB):
Improved from 918 to 930. Highest state gains: Rajasthan, Haryana.
Declines observed in Odisha and Karnataka.
Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER): Increased from 75.51% to 78%.
Institutional deliveries: Rose from 61% to 97.3%.
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR): Dropped from 130 deaths per lakh live births to 97.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Reduced from 39 deaths per 1,000 live births to 28.
Under-Five Child Mortality Gender Gap: Decreased from 7 points to 2 points.
Associated Missions and Portals:
Mission Shakti: Sambal focuses on women’s safety & security; Samarthya for women’s empowerment.
Mission Vatsalya: Child protection and development priorities.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Unattempted
Explanation
Statements 1, 2 are incorrect and statement 3 is correct
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme was launched in 2015. It marked its 10-year anniversary with notable achievements in improving gender indicators.
Objective: Address declining child sex ratio and prevent sex-selective abortion.
Type:Centrally sponsored scheme with no Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) or capital asset creation.
Implementation: Jointly managed by Ministries of Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Education; later expanded to include Ministries of Skill Development.
Achievements of BBBP (As compared to 2014):
Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB):
Improved from 918 to 930. Highest state gains: Rajasthan, Haryana.
Declines observed in Odisha and Karnataka.
Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER): Increased from 75.51% to 78%.
Institutional deliveries: Rose from 61% to 97.3%.
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR): Dropped from 130 deaths per lakh live births to 97.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Reduced from 39 deaths per 1,000 live births to 28.
Under-Five Child Mortality Gender Gap: Decreased from 7 points to 2 points.
Associated Missions and Portals:
Mission Shakti: Sambal focuses on women’s safety & security; Samarthya for women’s empowerment.
Mission Vatsalya: Child protection and development priorities.
Answer: (a) Only one; Difficulty Level: Medium
Question 4 of 8
4. Question
Q4. {Social Sector – Health – Issues} Consider the following pathogens:
Norovirus
Campylobacter bacteria
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
How many of the above are transmitted through contaminated food?
Correct
Explanation
Pathogen 1 is correct
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is often called the “stomach flu” or “stomachbug”, although unrelated to influenza.
This non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus is also known as the winter vomiting bug.
It is a pathogen that can cause foodborne illness. It’s a hardy virus that thrives in the human gut and is shed in large amounts in the stool and vomit of infected individuals.
Transmission: Through direct contact with an infected person, consuming contaminated food or drinks, and touching contaminated surfaces. (The virus can be spread for a few days after recovery.)
Pathogen 2 is correct
Campylobacter bacteria is Known for gastrointestinal infections, causing diarrhea, cramps, and fever.
The most common routes of transmission are fecal-oral, ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the eating of raw meat.
Recent ICMR findings link norovirus and campylobacter bacteria to some GBS cases- an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s peripheral nerves.
Pathogen 3 is incorrect
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease.
TB commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect other parts (extrapulmonary TB).
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive disease that can be present as acute pneumonia.
Transmission: It spreads from person to person through the air when people infected with TB cough, sneeze or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air. However, people with latent TB (when the infections do not show any symptoms) do not spread the disease.
The most common risk factor associated with TB is HIV and other conditions that impair the immune system.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Hard
Incorrect
Explanation
Pathogen 1 is correct
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is often called the “stomach flu” or “stomachbug”, although unrelated to influenza.
This non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus is also known as the winter vomiting bug.
It is a pathogen that can cause foodborne illness. It’s a hardy virus that thrives in the human gut and is shed in large amounts in the stool and vomit of infected individuals.
Transmission: Through direct contact with an infected person, consuming contaminated food or drinks, and touching contaminated surfaces. (The virus can be spread for a few days after recovery.)
Pathogen 2 is correct
Campylobacter bacteria is Known for gastrointestinal infections, causing diarrhea, cramps, and fever.
The most common routes of transmission are fecal-oral, ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the eating of raw meat.
Recent ICMR findings link norovirus and campylobacter bacteria to some GBS cases- an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s peripheral nerves.
Pathogen 3 is incorrect
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease.
TB commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect other parts (extrapulmonary TB).
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive disease that can be present as acute pneumonia.
Transmission: It spreads from person to person through the air when people infected with TB cough, sneeze or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air. However, people with latent TB (when the infections do not show any symptoms) do not spread the disease.
The most common risk factor associated with TB is HIV and other conditions that impair the immune system.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Hard
Unattempted
Explanation
Pathogen 1 is correct
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is often called the “stomach flu” or “stomachbug”, although unrelated to influenza.
This non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus is also known as the winter vomiting bug.
It is a pathogen that can cause foodborne illness. It’s a hardy virus that thrives in the human gut and is shed in large amounts in the stool and vomit of infected individuals.
Transmission: Through direct contact with an infected person, consuming contaminated food or drinks, and touching contaminated surfaces. (The virus can be spread for a few days after recovery.)
Pathogen 2 is correct
Campylobacter bacteria is Known for gastrointestinal infections, causing diarrhea, cramps, and fever.
The most common routes of transmission are fecal-oral, ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the eating of raw meat.
Recent ICMR findings link norovirus and campylobacter bacteria to some GBS cases- an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s peripheral nerves.
Pathogen 3 is incorrect
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease.
TB commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect other parts (extrapulmonary TB).
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive disease that can be present as acute pneumonia.
Transmission: It spreads from person to person through the air when people infected with TB cough, sneeze or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air. However, people with latent TB (when the infections do not show any symptoms) do not spread the disease.
The most common risk factor associated with TB is HIV and other conditions that impair the immune system.
Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Hard
Question 5 of 8
5. Question
Q5. {MIH – Personalities} Consider the following:
Forward Bloc
Ghadar Party
Azad Hind Government
Indian Home Rule Society
Which of the above are associated with Subhas Chandra Bose?
He was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa
In 1921, Bose resigned from the ICS and joined the INC.
Congress Presidency: Presided over the INC in 1938 Haripura and 1939 Tripuri Session, advocated for Swaraj as a national demand and opposed the Indian Federation under British rule.
Option (b) is correct
Formation of the Forward Bloc: After resigning as Congress president in 1939, Bose founded the Forward Bloc to unite radical-left elements within the party.
INA Formation: Established in 1942 with Indian POWs, the INA aimed to liberate India from British rule. Bose took charge of the INA in 1943 and revitalised it, commanding 12,000 soldiers.
Call for Liberation: Bose’s iconic “Delhi Chalo” slogan rallied the INA to march towards India, reaching Imphal and Kohima before retreating in 1945 due to Allied counterattacks
Azad Hind Government: With Japanese assistance, Bose formed the Azad Hind Government in exile and led the INA’s operations against British forces in Southeast Asia.
Inspiration and Leadership: Bose’s leadership galvanised the Indian freedom movement with his calls for immediate action, differing from Gandhi’s approach of non-violence and passive resistance.
Parakram Diwas, celebrated on January 23, honours Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose’s birth anniversary.
He was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa
In 1921, Bose resigned from the ICS and joined the INC.
Congress Presidency: Presided over the INC in 1938 Haripura and 1939 Tripuri Session, advocated for Swaraj as a national demand and opposed the Indian Federation under British rule.
Option (b) is correct
Formation of the Forward Bloc: After resigning as Congress president in 1939, Bose founded the Forward Bloc to unite radical-left elements within the party.
INA Formation: Established in 1942 with Indian POWs, the INA aimed to liberate India from British rule. Bose took charge of the INA in 1943 and revitalised it, commanding 12,000 soldiers.
Call for Liberation: Bose’s iconic “Delhi Chalo” slogan rallied the INA to march towards India, reaching Imphal and Kohima before retreating in 1945 due to Allied counterattacks
Azad Hind Government: With Japanese assistance, Bose formed the Azad Hind Government in exile and led the INA’s operations against British forces in Southeast Asia.
Inspiration and Leadership: Bose’s leadership galvanised the Indian freedom movement with his calls for immediate action, differing from Gandhi’s approach of non-violence and passive resistance.
Parakram Diwas, celebrated on January 23, honours Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose’s birth anniversary.
He was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa
In 1921, Bose resigned from the ICS and joined the INC.
Congress Presidency: Presided over the INC in 1938 Haripura and 1939 Tripuri Session, advocated for Swaraj as a national demand and opposed the Indian Federation under British rule.
Option (b) is correct
Formation of the Forward Bloc: After resigning as Congress president in 1939, Bose founded the Forward Bloc to unite radical-left elements within the party.
INA Formation: Established in 1942 with Indian POWs, the INA aimed to liberate India from British rule. Bose took charge of the INA in 1943 and revitalised it, commanding 12,000 soldiers.
Call for Liberation: Bose’s iconic “Delhi Chalo” slogan rallied the INA to march towards India, reaching Imphal and Kohima before retreating in 1945 due to Allied counterattacks
Azad Hind Government: With Japanese assistance, Bose formed the Azad Hind Government in exile and led the INA’s operations against British forces in Southeast Asia.
Inspiration and Leadership: Bose’s leadership galvanised the Indian freedom movement with his calls for immediate action, differing from Gandhi’s approach of non-violence and passive resistance.
Parakram Diwas, celebrated on January 23, honours Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose’s birth anniversary.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3; Difficulty Level: Easy
Question 6 of 8
6. Question
Q6. {Social Sector – Health – Issues} Consider the following statements regarding Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS):
GBS is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s peripheral nerves.
It is primarily caused by bacterial infections, such as Campylobacter, and viral infections like norovirus.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Treatment:Plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to reduce immune system ac-tivity.
Vaccine: There is no specific vaccine for GBS; vaccination against infections that trigger GBS, like in-fluenza, may reduce risk.
Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2; Difficulty Level: Hard
Question 7 of 8
7. Question
Q7. {Social Sector – Health – Issues} Which of the following statements regarding snakebite envenoming and antivenoms in India is NOT correct?
Correct
Explanation
Option (b) is incorrect
Antivenoms are life-saving medicines derived from antibodies produced by animals (primarily hors-es) injected with venom, not goats.
Manufacturing Process: Venom is extracted from snakes and used to immunize horses, triggering the production of antibodies. These are then purified and formulated into antivenoms.
Targeted Treatment: Antivenoms neutralize specific toxins in the venom, such as hemotoxins, neu-rotoxins, and cytotoxins, thus preventing fatalities.
Option (a) is correct
Despite being the largest producerand consumer of antivenoms, India faces high mortality rates from snakebites, accounting for almost 50% of global deaths.
High Mortality Rate: India has the highest mortality rate, making it the “snakebite capital” of the world.
Option (c) is correct
Main Culprits: 90% of bites are caused by the ‘big four’ snakes– common krait, Indian cobra, Russell’s viper, saw-scaled viper.
Option (d) is correct
Remote rural areas often lack nearby healthcare centers with antivenom sup-plies, leading to delayed treatment.
Answer: (b) Antivenoms are primarily derived from antibodies produced by goats; Difficulty Level: Easy
Incorrect
Explanation
Option (b) is incorrect
Antivenoms are life-saving medicines derived from antibodies produced by animals (primarily hors-es) injected with venom, not goats.
Manufacturing Process: Venom is extracted from snakes and used to immunize horses, triggering the production of antibodies. These are then purified and formulated into antivenoms.
Targeted Treatment: Antivenoms neutralize specific toxins in the venom, such as hemotoxins, neu-rotoxins, and cytotoxins, thus preventing fatalities.
Option (a) is correct
Despite being the largest producerand consumer of antivenoms, India faces high mortality rates from snakebites, accounting for almost 50% of global deaths.
High Mortality Rate: India has the highest mortality rate, making it the “snakebite capital” of the world.
Option (c) is correct
Main Culprits: 90% of bites are caused by the ‘big four’ snakes– common krait, Indian cobra, Russell’s viper, saw-scaled viper.
Option (d) is correct
Remote rural areas often lack nearby healthcare centers with antivenom sup-plies, leading to delayed treatment.
Answer: (b) Antivenoms are primarily derived from antibodies produced by goats; Difficulty Level: Easy
Unattempted
Explanation
Option (b) is incorrect
Antivenoms are life-saving medicines derived from antibodies produced by animals (primarily hors-es) injected with venom, not goats.
Manufacturing Process: Venom is extracted from snakes and used to immunize horses, triggering the production of antibodies. These are then purified and formulated into antivenoms.
Targeted Treatment: Antivenoms neutralize specific toxins in the venom, such as hemotoxins, neu-rotoxins, and cytotoxins, thus preventing fatalities.
Option (a) is correct
Despite being the largest producerand consumer of antivenoms, India faces high mortality rates from snakebites, accounting for almost 50% of global deaths.
High Mortality Rate: India has the highest mortality rate, making it the “snakebite capital” of the world.
Option (c) is correct
Main Culprits: 90% of bites are caused by the ‘big four’ snakes– common krait, Indian cobra, Russell’s viper, saw-scaled viper.
Option (d) is correct
Remote rural areas often lack nearby healthcare centers with antivenom sup-plies, leading to delayed treatment.
Answer: (b) Antivenoms are primarily derived from antibodies produced by goats; Difficulty Level: Easy
Question 8 of 8
8. Question
Q8. {Envi – RE} With reference to the Karnataka High Court’s ruling on the central and state green energy rules, consider the following statements:
The central rules aimed to allow consumers to access green energy through open access markets.
The state rules framed by the Karnataka Regulatory Commission allowed for the purchase of non-renewable energy.
The Karnataka High Court emphasized that the central government could not override the Electricity Act provisions using residuary powers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Explanation
Option (b) is correct
Karnataka High Courtstruck down central and state green energy rules, citing a lack of authority under the Electricity Act, 2003.
Key Provisions of the Struck-Down Rules:
Central Rules: The Electricity (Promoting Renewable Energy Through Green Energy Open Access) Rules, 2022, were passed to allow consumers to purchase green energy through open access mar-kets.
State Rules:Karnataka Regulatory Commission framed regulations based on the central rules to en-able the purchase and distribution of green energy, not non-renewable energy.
Authority of the State Commission: The Electricity Act, 2003, explicitly grants powers to regulate “open access” to the State Electricity Regulatory Commission.
Exclusion of Central Government: The court ruled that the central government cannot override the Act’s provisions using residuary powers to frame rules related to open access.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only; Difficulty Level: Hard
Incorrect
Explanation
Option (b) is correct
Karnataka High Courtstruck down central and state green energy rules, citing a lack of authority under the Electricity Act, 2003.
Key Provisions of the Struck-Down Rules:
Central Rules: The Electricity (Promoting Renewable Energy Through Green Energy Open Access) Rules, 2022, were passed to allow consumers to purchase green energy through open access mar-kets.
State Rules:Karnataka Regulatory Commission framed regulations based on the central rules to en-able the purchase and distribution of green energy, not non-renewable energy.
Authority of the State Commission: The Electricity Act, 2003, explicitly grants powers to regulate “open access” to the State Electricity Regulatory Commission.
Exclusion of Central Government: The court ruled that the central government cannot override the Act’s provisions using residuary powers to frame rules related to open access.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only; Difficulty Level: Hard
Unattempted
Explanation
Option (b) is correct
Karnataka High Courtstruck down central and state green energy rules, citing a lack of authority under the Electricity Act, 2003.
Key Provisions of the Struck-Down Rules:
Central Rules: The Electricity (Promoting Renewable Energy Through Green Energy Open Access) Rules, 2022, were passed to allow consumers to purchase green energy through open access mar-kets.
State Rules:Karnataka Regulatory Commission framed regulations based on the central rules to en-able the purchase and distribution of green energy, not non-renewable energy.
Authority of the State Commission: The Electricity Act, 2003, explicitly grants powers to regulate “open access” to the State Electricity Regulatory Commission.
Exclusion of Central Government: The court ruled that the central government cannot override the Act’s provisions using residuary powers to frame rules related to open access.
Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only; Difficulty Level: Hard
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5 of 8 questions answered correctly
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