April 26 2025 Current Affairs MCQs

Explanation

Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect, but Statements 2 and 4 are correct

• The Arun River originates in the Tibet Autonomous Region (China) as the Phung Chu or Bum Chu.
• It flows southward into eastern Nepal, cutting across the Himalayas, and joins the Sun Koshi and Tama Koshi rivers to form the Sapta Koshi River.
• The river spans approximately 490 km, with 300 km flowing through Nepal, and is part of the larger Koshi River system, a major tributary of the Ganga.
• Features deep gorges and steep terrain, making it highly suitable for hydropower generation.
• Key tributaries: Right bank: Barun River and Trisuli Khola | Left bank: Ikhuwa Khola, Sabha Khola.

Answer: (c) 2 and 4 only; Difficulty Level: Hard

Explanation

Both statements are incorrect

• After over three years of negotiations, after the COVID-19 pandemic exposed deep flaws in global health governance, WHO Member States finalised the draft World Pandemic Treaty.
• It is only the second legally binding accord in the WHO’s 75-year history, the first being the 2003 tobacco control treaty.
• The treaty provides a legally binding framework for global pandemic preparedness while incorporating equity, accountability, and solidarity principles into global health law.
• Despite the U.S. withdrawal, 193 countries, including India, signed the treaty, demonstrating global cooperation.
• The absence of the U.S., a key player in global vaccine production, reduces the treaty’s effectiveness and global impact.

Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2; Difficulty Level: Easy

Explanation

Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct

• The SVAMITVA (Survey of Villages and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas) Scheme was launched by the PM on April 24, 2020, on National Panchayati Raj Day.
• SVAMITVA provides a ‘Record of Rights’ to village household owners and issues legal ownership cards to property owners by mapping land parcels using drone technology.
• Agricultural lands are not covered under this scheme.
• Key Features of SVAMITVA
  • Type: Central Sector scheme.
  • Aim: To empower rural citizens with property cards, enabling access to credit, dispute resolution, and better planning.
  • Implementation: Ministry of Panchayati Raj with support from Survey of India and National Informatics Centre Services Inc.

Answer: (d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct; Difficulty Level: Easy

Explanation

Option (d) is correct

• The HKH mountains extend around 3,500 km over eight countries.
• Namely, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, Myanmar, and Pakistan.
• These mountains are also called the “water towers of Asia” because they are the origins of 10 crucial river systems on the continent (Amu Darya, Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, Yangtse, Yellow River, and Tarim).
• These river basins provide water to almost one-fourth of the world’s population and are a significant freshwater source for people in the HKH region.

Answer: (d) All seven; Difficulty Level: Easy

Explanation

Option (c) is correct

• Chandragiri River:
  • Also known as the Payaswini River in Karnataka and the Perumpuzha River in Kerala.
  • It was named after the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta Maurya.
  • Origin: Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary in the Western Ghats of Kodagu district, Karnataka.
  • The Chandragiri River empties into the Arabian Sea.

Answer: (c) Chandragri River; Difficulty Level: Easy

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct

• Coenzyme Q (CoQ), ubiquinone, is a lipid-soluble antioxidant supporting cellular metabolism.
• CoQ10 is a naturally occurring molecule found in the mitochondria, the energy powerhouse of cells.
• Dietary Sources of CoQ10
  • Meats, particularly organ meats like liver, heart, and kidneys.
  • Fatty Fish such as salmon, sardines, and mackerel.
  • Whole Grains like wheat germ, oats, and corn.
  • Vegetables such as spinach, broccoli, and cauliflower.
• Similar to CoQ10, Coenzyme Q9 (CoQ9) is primarily found in plants, especially cereal grains such as wheat, rice, oats, corn, and rye. It is also found in flowering plants like avocado, pepper, and cinnamon.

Statement 2 is correct

• Genetic engineering and CRISPR-Cas9 technology have produced Coq10-enriched rice and cereals.
  • Presenting biofortified crops as functional foods that address nutritional deficiencies and promote better health outcomes.

Answer: (c) 2 only; Difficulty Level: Hard

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct

• The Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) Dhruv is an indigenously developed utility aircraft by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
• Specifically designed for multi-role and multi-mission operations.
• Development began in 1984, with initial assistance from Germany’s Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (MBB).
• Made its first flight in 1992, was certified, and entered service in 2002.

Statements 2 and 3 are correct

• Structure includes:
  • Twin-engine configuration: Enhances reliability and safety during operations.
  • Glass cockpit: Equipped with advanced avionics, providing the crew with improved operational control and situational awareness.
  • Crashworthy airframe and landing gear: To withstand high-impact landings & survivability.
  • Composite, interchangeable main rotor blades: Better durability and operational efficiency.
  • Chaff and flare dispenser: Provides self-protection against heat-seeking missiles.
  • Helmet Pointing System (HPS): Enhances targeting and aiming capabilities for weaponry.
  • Integrated self-protection suite: Includes advanced sensors and countermeasures to protect the helicopter from threats.
  • On-board inert gas generation system: Improves safety by reducing fire risks in fuel tanks.
  • Versatility in terrain: Capable of operating in high-altitude regions and rugged terrain, including the Himalayas and Siachen Glacier.

Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3; Difficulty Level: Easy

Explanation

Statements 1 is correct

• Steel & India’s Growth Vision: Central to the $5 trillion economy target; symbol of infrastructure progress and national transformation.
  • National Steel Policy Goals: Production target of 300 million tonnes by 2030.
  • Long-Term Capacity Goal: Aim to reach 500 million tonnes by 2047.
  • Export-Oriented Strategy: Target to export 25 mn tonnes with zero import vision for govt projects.
  • Future-Ready Sector: Emphasis on new processes, advanced grades, digital transformation and scaling up operations.

Statement 2 is correct

• Infrastructure Push:
  • PM Gati Shakti Plan: Multimodal mapping of mines and steel units to enhance connectivity.
  • National Infrastructure Pipeline: $1.3 trillion pipeline advancing sectors like roads, ports, airports, etc.
  • Eastern India Focus: Upgradation of steel-rich regions through integrated infrastructure development.
  • PM Awas Yojana and Jal Jeevan Mission: Large-scale housing and water projects drive steel demand in rural areas.

Statement 3 is incorrect

• Benchmark of Efficiency: Rising per capita consumption (currently 98 kg, target 160 kg by 2030) reflects infrastructure growth and governance efficiency.

Answer: (b) Only two; Difficulty Level: Medium